Table 4 Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (OR) of characteristics independently associated with dual method use among HIV-positive respondents receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) at 18 public sector clinic in Lusaka, Zambia (n = 1014)

Age (years)

 15–24

ref

^b

 25–34

1.45 (1.09–1.92)^*

0.99 (0.70–1.40)

 35–49^c

0.98 (0.71–1.35)

ref

  > 49

0.54 (0.32–1.40)

Desire a child in the next year

 Yes

ref

ref

ref

ref

 No/Don’t know

1.59 (1.16–2.19)^*

2.22 (1.66–2.98)^*

2.16 (1.43–3.26)^*

4.36 (1.30–4.62)^*

HIV status disclosed to partner

 No/don’t know/no partner

ref

ref

ref

ref

 Yes

8.91 (4.81–16.49)^*

4.35 (2.61–7.25)^*

6.74 (2.46–18.46)^*

2.33 (1.26–4.32)^*

Partner’s HIV status

 Negative/Don’t know/No partner

ref

ref

ref

 Positive

2.49 (2.09–2.97)^*

1.34 (1.08–1.67)^*

1.70 (1.21–2.40)^*

Sexually active in previous 6 months

 No

1

1

1

1

 Yes

4.88 (3.21–7.42)^*

2.78 (1.85–4.19)^*

2.55 (1.40–4.65)^*

6.24 (3.51–11.08)^*