Table 2 Multilevel analyses of the effectiveness of the SmokeFree Sports intervention between baseline (T0) and post-intervention (T1)

Smoking intentions

 Total non-smoking intentions

I

0.03 ± 0.98

0.03^d (−0.07, 0.13)

0.51

0.02^d (−0.08, 0.12)

0.71

C

0.07 ± 0.95

Cigarette refusal self-efficacy

 Total refusal self-efficacy

I

0.29 ± 3.52

0.28^d (−0.10, 0.67)

0.15

0.28^d (−0.11, 0.67)

0.17

C

0.15 ± 3.77

Attitudes towards smoking

 Smoking is bad for health (‘definitely yes’)

I

3.8

1.03^e (0.99, 1.06)

0.19

1.03^e (0.99, 1.06)

0.15

C

2.5

 Safe to smoke…year or two (‘definitely not’)

I

3.1

1.23^e(1.11, 1.36)

<0.001*

1.19^e (1.07, 1.33)

0.01

C

−5.0

 Difficult to quit once started (‘definitely yes’)

I

15.4

1.58^e (1.41, 1.78)

<0.001*

1.56^e (1.38, 1.76)

<0.001*

C

−0.5

 Others smoke is harmful to you (‘definitely yes’)

I

2.4

1.19^e (1.07, 1.31)

<0.01*

1.19^e (1.20, 2.08)

<0.01*

C

−2.5

 Affects sports performance (‘definitely yes’)

I

30.3

1.70^e (1.58, 1.85)

<0.001*

1.73^e (1.59, 1.88)

<0.001*

C

0.9

 Makes you gain or lose weight (‘no difference’)

I

26.3

2.11^e (1.85, 2.41)

<0.001*

2.13^e (1.86, 2.44)

<0.001*

C

−9.1