Table 2 Psychosocial variables and loss-to-follow up in pre-ART care
| Â | Â | Number (% LTFU)a | LTFU rate (per 100 p-y) | Sub Hazard Ratiob(95%CI) | P value of relationship with LTFU |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Stigma (α = 0.75) | 0–35 | 57 (35.1) | 17.86 | 1.00 | 0.59 |
36–41 | 54 (33.3) | 14.62 | 0.82 (0.43–1.55) | ||
42–47 | 64 (37.5) | 16.58 | 0.92 (0.51–1.66) | ||
48+ | 72 (44.4) | 22.80 | 1.19 (0.67–2.10) | ||
Stigma (continuous) |  | 1.00 (0.98–1.03) | 0.83 | ||
Categories of HIV disclosure | 0 | 34 (47.1) | 25.12 | 1.00 | 0.52 |
1 | 84 (35.7) | 17.28 | 0.73 (0.39–1.34) | ||
2 | 58 (41.4) | 20.43 | 0.83 (0.44–1.57) | ||
3 + | 71 (33.8) | 14.51 | 0.63 (0.34–1.19) | ||
HIV partner disclosure | No | 91 (35.2) | 17.86 | 1.00 | 0.58 |
Yes | 156 (39.7) | 18.18 | 1.13 (0.73–1.74) | ||
Testing reason | Self-initiated: non sickness | 79 (34.2) | 16.96 | 1.00 | 0.82 |
Self-initiated: sickness | 91 (41.8) | 19.83 | 1.17 (0.71–1.92) | ||
Other initiated | 77 (37.7) | 17.13 | 1.05 (0.62–1.78) | ||
Changed sexual behaviour | No | 78 (42.3) | 20.57 | 1.00 | 0.42 |
Yes | 169 (36.1) | 16.96 | 0.84 (0.55–1.28) | ||
Knowledge of people on ART | No | 44 (45.5) | 20.92 | 1.00 | 0.41 |
Yes | 203 (36.5) | 17.43 | 0.82 (0.51–1.32) | ||
ART knowledge | Low (> = 21) | 57 (40.4) | 20.24 | 1.00 | 0.44 |
Mid (22–23) | 52 (42.3) | 23.12 | 1.06 (0.59–1.92) | ||
High (24) | 138 (35.5) | 15.74 | 0.80 (0.48–1.31) | ||
HIV optimism | No | 79 (40.5) | 20.85 | 1.00 | 0.46 |
Yes | 168 (31.3) | 16.91 | 0.85 (0.55–1.31) | ||
Social support – time with family | < once a month/not at all | 20 (35.0) | 16.50 | 1.00 | 0.61 |
Once a month | 58 (41.4) | 18.04 | 1.12 (0.49–2.57) | ||
At least once a fortnight/several days a week | 25 (28.0) | 12.20 | 0.72 (0.26–2.03) | ||
Every day | 144 (38.9) | 19.49 | 1.21 (0.55–2.65) | ||
Social support – time with friends | < once a month/not at all | 74 (32.4) | 14.38 | 1.00 | 0.49 |
At least once a fortnight/Once a month | 49 (46.9) | 20.62 | 1.53 (0.87–2.69) | ||
Several days a week | 68 (38.2) | 19.36 | 1.32 (0.76–2.30) | ||
Every day | 56 (37.5) | 19.55 | 1.40 (0.78–2.51) | ||
Social support – rely on family/friends | A little/not at all | 33 (36.4) | 17.48 | 1.00 | 0.84 |
A lot | 214 (38.3) | 18.16 | 1.06 (0.59–1.93) | ||
Social support – open with friends/family | Not at all | 57 (36.8) | 15.81 | 1.00 | 0.06 |
A little | 93 (31.2) | 13.86 | 0.90 (0.52–1.57) | ||
A lot | 97 (45.4) | 24.72 | 1.54 (0.93–2.55) | ||
Social support- confidantc | No | 16 (43.8) | 20.91 | 1.00 | 0.49 |
Yes | 226 (38.1) | 18.05 | 0.74 (0.32–1.72) | ||
Social capital – time with neighbours | < once a month/not at all | 65 (43.1) | 18.80 | 1.00 | 0.88 |
At least once a fortnight/Once a month | 38 (34.2) | 15.17 | 0.78 (0.41–1.49) | ||
Several days a week | 61 (37.7) | 18.30 | 0.93 (0.54–1.59) | ||
Every day | 83 (36.1) | 18.78 | 1.00 (0.60–1.67) | ||
Social capital – neighbourhood crimed | Common | 108 (39.8) | 18.85 | 1.00 | 0.38 |
Unusual | 87 (33.3) | 14.95 | 0.81 (0.51–1.29) | ||
Rare | 49 (42.9) | 22.77 | 1.21(0.72–2.05) | ||
Social capital - group participation | No | 197 (41.1) | 20.32 | 1.00 | 0.07 |
Yes | 50 (26.0) | 10.69 | 0.58 (0.32–1.05) | ||
Social capital – neighbours giving time | No | 63 (38.1) | 16.42 | 1.00 | 0.50 |
Yes | 184 (38.0) | 18.72 | 1.16 (0.75–1.82) | ||
Social capital – neighbours giving money | No | 74 (37.8) | 15.81 | 1.00 | 0.42 |
Yes | 173 (38.2) | 19.24 | 1.19 (0.78–1.82) | ||
Social capital –community working together | Individual/neighbours or traditional leaders or municipal/district leaders taking lead | 166 (34.9) | 16.57 | 1.00 | 0.18 |
Traditional and local leaders together taking lead | 81 (44.4) | 21.15 | 1.32 (0.88–2.00) | ||
Relationship qualitye | Low (0–23) | 59 (42.4) | 19.01 | 1.00 | 0.91 |
Mid (24–26) | 68 (39.7) | 19.26 | 0.95 (0.55–1.65) | ||
High (27–30) | 70 (38.6) | 18.29 | 0.89 (0.52–1.52) | ||
Most recent partner age differentialf | Older | 186 (36.6) | 16.80 | 1.00 | 0.40 |
Same | 26 (38.5) | 19.87 | 1.08 (0.55–2.15) | ||
Younger | 34 (47.1) | 26.21 | 1.45 (0.85–2.49) | ||
Most recent partner location | In neighbourhood | 23 (43.5) | 21.42 | 1.00 | 0.10 |
Out of neighbourhood | 109 (45.0) | 22.22 | 1.06 (0.54–2.08) | ||
With participant | 115 (30.4) | 13.84 | 0.67 (0.33–1.34) | ||
Most recent partner HIV disclosure | No | 92 (35.9) | 18.15 | 1.00 | 0.69 |
Yes | 155 (39.4) | 18.03 | 1.09 (0.71–1.67) | ||
Most recent partner HIV status | Positive | 95 (41.1) | 18.95 | 1.00 | 0.10 |
Not known | 138 (34.1) | 16.14 | 0.78 (0.51–1.19) | ||
Negative | 14 (57.1) | 34.60 | 1.78 (0.81–3.90) | ||