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Table 3 Comparison of WISC-IV test scores by sex for different age groupsa

From: Sex differences in the intellectual functioning of early school-aged children in rural China

 

Girls

Unadjusted analysis

Adjusted analysis

MD (95 % CI)

P

MD (95 % CI)

P

Totalb

    

 FSIQ

−1.19 (-2.41,0.03)

0.056

−0.97 (-2.22,0.28)

0.128

 VCI

−2.85 (-4.30,-1.41)

<0.001

−2.44 (-3.94,-0.95)

0.001

 WMI

1.16 (0.01,2.30)

0.048

1.32 (0.14,2.51)

0.029

 PRI

−3.95 (-5.24,-2.67)

<0.001

−3.68 (-5.01,-2.36)

<0.001

 PSI

2.91 (1.67,4.14)

<0.001

3.10 (1.82,4.38)

<0.001

7 yc

    

 FSIQ

0.88 (-1.76,3.51)

0.513

0.01 (-2.63,2.64)

0.996

 VCI

0.24 (-2.71,-3.19)

0.875

0.05 (-2.94,3.04)

0.974

 WMI

3.45 (0.94,5.96)

0.007

2.99 (0.46,5.52)

0.020

 PRI

−2.75 (-5.89,0.39)

0.086

−3.85 (-7.03,-0.67)

0.018

 PSI

5.24 (2.51,7.97)

<0.001

5.05 (2.32,7.77)

<0.001

8 yc

    

 FSIQ

−1.19 (-3.10,0.72)

0.223

−0.12 (-2.02,1.79)

0.906

 VCI

−3.14 (-5.40,-0.88)

0.006

−2.39 (-4.67,-0.11)

0.040

 WMI

0.79 (-1.02,2.60)

0.393

1.55 (-0.28,3.39)

0.097

 PRI

−4.45 (-6.42,-2.89)

<0.001

−3.09 (-5.09,-1.10)

0.002

 PSI

3.85 (1.83,5.86)

<0.001

4.43 (2.41,6.46)

<0.001

9 yc

    

 FSIQ

−1.69 (-3.93,0.55)

0.140

−1.92 (-4.12,0.29)

0.088

 VCI

−3.84 (-6.56,-1.12)

0.006

−4.56 (-7.44,-1.67)

0.002

 WMI

1.11 (-0.93,3.15)

0.285

0.78 (-1.39,2.96)

0.481

 PRI

−2.71 (-4.95,-0.48)

0.017

−3.57 (-5.90,-1.23)

0.003

 PSI

0.24 (-1.87,2.35)

0.824

0.07 (-2.02,2.16)

0.947

10 yc

    

 FSIQ

−5.29 (-9.99,-0.60)

0.027

−4.91 (-9.56,-0.26)

0.038

 VCI

−6.38 (-11.78,-0.98)

0.021

−6.34 (-11.99,-0.70)

0.028

 WMI

−1.66 (-6.17,2.84)

0.469

−2.26 (-6.76,2.25)

0.327

 PRI

−8.63 (-13.55,-3.71)

0.001

−6.79 (-11.81,-1.76)

0.008

 PSI

1.58 (-2.79,5.95)

0.479

3.14 (-1.29,7.58)

0.165

  1. Abbreviation: MD mean difference, CI confidence interval, FSIQ full-scale intelligence quotient, VCI verbal comprehension index, WMI working memory index, PRI perceptual reasoning index, PSI processing speed index
  2. aMultilevel models were used to assess the WISC-IV test scoresdifferences between boys and girls in early school aged children, with township to level 3, village to level 2, and individual to level 1
  3. b P value adjusted for the age of children, household wealth index, maternal age, type of prenatal micronutrient supplementation, number of children in home, child school level, birth weight, gestational weeks, whether stunted or underweight children and lower respiratory tract infection in the last two weeks
  4. c P value adjusted for the household wealth index, maternal age, type of prenatal micronutrient supplementation, number of children in home, child school level, birth weight, gestational weeks, whether stunted or underweight children and lower respiratory tract infection in the last two weeks
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BMC Public Health

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