Changes in mean serum lipids among adults in Germany: results from National Health Surveys 1997-99 and 2008-11

BMC Public Health

Table 3 Linear regression models for serum lipids with survey wave (DEGS1 vs. GNHIES98) as independent variable

	Men					Women
	Beta	95 % Confidence interval		P	R²	Beta	95 % Confidence interval		P	R²
		Lower	Upper				Lower	Upper
Total cholesterol (mmol/l)
Model 1	−0.845	−0.925	−0.765	<.001	.1087	−0.781	−0.861	−0.701	<.001	.0975
Model 2^a	−0.828	−0.904	−0.753	<.001	.2559	−0.782	−0.855	−0.708	<.001	.2977
Model 3^b	−0.779	−0.856	−0.702	<.001	.2833	−0.788	−0.865	−0.710	<.001	.3147
Triglycerides (log-transformed; mmol/l)
Model 1	−0.177	−0.210	−0.143	<.001	.0225	−0.098	−0.133	−0.062	<.001	.0090
Model 2^a,c	−0.088	−0.122	−0.054	<.001	.1298	−0.050	−0.084	−0.017	.004	.1584
Model 3^b,c	−0.081	−0.115	−0.047	<.001	.2315	−0.050	−0.084	−0.017	.003	.2817
High density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/l)
Model 1	−0.016	−0.040	0.007	.170	.0006	−0.081	−0.112	−0.051	<.001	.0094
Model 2^a	−0.016	−0.039	0.007	.170	.0089	−0.081	−0.111	−0.051	<.001	.0168
Model 3^b	−0.007	−0.031	0.017	.560	.1330	−0.099	−0.127	−0.071	<.001	.1571

Differences between mean serum lipid levels were estimated with the t test. P values < 0.05 were considered statistical significant (bold). All models are weighted population estimates: standardized to population structure as of 31^st December 2010
^aAdjusted for age
^bAdjusted for age, educational status, current smoking, coffee consumption, processed food consumption, wholegrain bread consumption, high alcohol consumption, sports activity, body mass index category, use of lipid-lowering medication, hormonal contraceptives, and postmenopausal hormone therapy
^cAdditionally adjusted for fasting duration

ISSN: 1471-2458