Table 1 Schedule of data collection, assessments and laboratory analyses in mothers and offspring in the PREOBE-study

Baseline recruitment information

Pre-gestational BMI, ethnicity, medical history, age, education, parity, smoking, ongoing supplements

Recruitment visit, 24 wk, and 34 wk

Maternal anthropometrics

Weight, length, circumference of abdomen, waist etc., skinfold thickness of triceps, subscapularis etc.^a

24 wk, 34 wk

Bioimpedance

BMR^a, impedance^a, BMI^a, FM/FMI^a, FFM/FFMI^a, body water^a

24 wk, 34 wk

Fetal ultrasound

Fetal anthropometrics^a

24 wk, 34 wk

Urine samples

Metabolomics^a

24 wk, 34 wk

Fecal samples

Microbiota^b, metabolomics^a

24 wk, near delivery

Cheek cell sample

Microbiota^a, genetics^ab, fatty acids^a

34 wk (mother), birth (infant)

Food questionnaire

Quantitative and qualitative dietary analyses^a

24 wk, 34 wk

Placenta samples

Placental weight and circumference, Lipid profile^a, phospholipids^a, gene expression^a, lipid peroxidation, pTfR^b

Delivery

Lifestyle questionnaire

Lifestyle and physical activity^a

24 wk

Blood samples (Mother and cord blood)

Direct analyses: ESR, glucose, lipids^a, urea, creatinine, uric acid, bilirubin, iron status, folate, TSH, amylase, CRP, HbA1c, total protein, albumin, vit B12, insulin, cortisol, IGF1^a, IGFBP1^a, and lymphocyte subpopulations^a. Frozen serum/plasma: Hepcidin^b, TfR^b, adiponectin^a, resistin^a, leptin, interleukins^a, phospholipid profiles^a, lipid peroxidation^a, tocopherol^a, retinol^a.

24 wk, 34 wk, delivery (mother and cord blood)

Perinatal records

Gender, gestational age, Apgar, delivery mode, neonatal diagnoses/admission

–

Infant anthropometrics

Birth weight, length, circumference of head, upper-arm, chest and waist, BMI, waist/height index, heel-knee, hip-knee

Birth

Meconium

Microbiota^a

Birth

Breast milk

Fatty acids^a, vitamins^a

day 1, day 7, day 30