Table 2 Males: non-communicable disease and risk factors by age group, 25 to 64 years in Viseisei and Fiji
NCD and risk factors | Means and prevalences with 95 % confidence intervals | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age specific data and trend by age group | Age std to: 2007 census | 1996 census | ||||||
Viseisei 2012 survey | Fiji 2011* | Fiji 2002* | ||||||
25–34 yrs | 35–44 yrs | 45–54 yrs | 55–64 yrs | Age: linear trend‡‡ | 25–64 std# | 25–64 std‡ | 25–64 std† | |
(n = 319) | (n = 298) | (n = 316) | (n = 240) | (n = 1173) | (n = 1050) | (n = 2019 ) | ||
Daily smoker % | 34.2 | 33.6 | 31.0 | 29.2 | 0.92 (p = 0.16) | 33.4 | 26.2 | 28.8 |
29.0–39.4 | 28.2–38.9 | 25.9–36.1 | 23.4–34.9 | 30.5–36.3 | 23.3–29.2 | 26.7–30.9 | ||
Excessive alcohol % | 55.8 | 46.9 | 33.7 | 22.0 | 0.61 (p < 0.0001) | 43.7 | 19.9 | – |
49.9–61.6 | 41.1–52.6 | 28.4–39.0 | 16.7–27.3 | 40.5–46.8 | 17.1–22.7 | |||
Low fruit & vegetable % | 70.9 | 66.4 | 74.0 | 70.5 | 1.04 (p = 0.56) | 72.4 | 47.8 | – |
65.9–75.9 | 61.0–71.9 | 69.1–78.8 | 64.7–76.3 | 69.7–75.1 | 44.2–51.3 | |||
Mean BMI kg/m2 | 25.0 | 26.4 | 26.5 | 25.6 | 0.23 (p = 0.11) | 26.4 | 26.4 | 25.1 |
24.4–25.6 | 25.8–27.0 | 25.8–27.1 | 25.0–26.3 | 26.1–26.8 | 26.0–26.8 | 24.9–25.3 | ||
BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 % | 40.1 | 54.4 | 52.8 | 50.0 | 1.10 (p = 0.10) | 56.7 | 58.7 | 46.3 |
34.7–45.5 | 48.7–60.0 | 47.3–58.4 | 43.7–56.3 | 53.6–59.8 | 55.6–61.9 | 44.0–48.6 | ||
BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 % | 15.9 | 19.9 | 25.4 | 19.0 | 1.12 (p = 0.11) | 23.2 | 22.0 | 12.9 |
11.7–20.1 | 15.1–24.6 | 20.5–30.4 | 14.0–24.1 | 20.4–25.9 | 19.4–24.6 | 11.4–14.4 | ||
Mean waist cm | 88.0 | 92.2 | 94.7 | 94.4 | 2.28 (p < 0.0001) | 92.6 | 91.2 | 86.0 |
86.6–89.3 | 90.8–93.6 | 93.2–96.2 | 92.9–95.9 | 91.8–93.3 | 88.4–94.1 | 85.5–86.6 | ||
High waist %║ | 10.7 | 18.4 | 29.1 | 23.8 | 1.40 (p < 0.0001) | 21.9 | 18.4 | 9.3 |
7.1–14.2 | 13.8–23.0 | 23.9–34.2 | 18.3–29.3 | 19.3–24.6 | 16.0–20.7 | 8.0–10.6 | ||
Mean waist:hip | 0.87 | 0.90 | 0.91 | 0.93 | 0.02 (p < 0.0001) | 0.89 | 0.93 | 0.90 |
0.86–0.88 | 0.89–0.90 | 0.91–0.92 | 0.92–0.93 | 0.89–0.90 | 0.90–0.96 | 0.90–0.91 | ||
High§ waist:hip% | 28.3 | 46.0 | 64.9 | 70.1 | 1.88 (p < 0.0001) | 47.0 | 62.0 | 50.1 |
23.1–33.5 | 40.0–51.9 | 59.5–70.3 | 64.2–76.0 | 43.8–50.1 | 58.9–65.1 | 47.8–52.5 | ||
Mean SBP mmHg | 125 | 129 | 135 | 143 | 5.91 (p < 0.0001) | 131.4 | 132 | 127 |
123–126 | 127–130 | 133–137 | 139–146 | 130–132 | 131–133 | 127–128 | ||
Mean DBP mmHg | 79.2 | 85.2 | 87.3 | 87.0 | 2.67 (p < 0.0001) | 83.9 | 81.0 | 73.5 |
77.9–80.5 | 83.9–86.4 | 86.0–88.6 | 85.4–88.6 | 81.5–82.9 | 80.2–81.7 | 72.9–74.0 | ||
HT (%)¶ | 23.2 | 34.9 | 47.3 | 55.4 | 1.61 (p < 0.0001) | 37.2 | 36.6 | 19.1 |
18.3–28.1 | 29.3–40.6 | 41.7–53.0 | 49.0–61.8 | 34.2–40.3 | 33.3–40.0 | 17.4–20.9 | ||
Mean FBG mmol/L | 5.3 | 5.6 | 6.5 | 7.0 | 0.60 (p < 0.0001) | 5.8 | 6.4 | 6.2 |
5.1–5.5 | 5.4–5.8 | 6.2–6.8 | 6.6–7.3 | 5.7–5.9 | 6.1–6.8 | 6.1–6.4 | ||
Diabetes % ** | 6.3 | 11.6 | 27.6 | 35.6 | 2.05 (p < 0.0001) | 15.1 | 13.8 | 16.3 |
3.5–9.1 | 7.7–15.4 | 22.4–32.7 | 29.5–41.8 | 13.0–17.2 | 11.4–16.2 | 13.8–18.9 | ||
Mean chol mmol/L | 4.6 | 5.2 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 0.22 (p < 0.0001) | 5.0 | – | 5.4 |
4.5–4.8 | 5.0–5.3 | 5.2–5.5 | 5.1–5.5 | 4.9–5.1 | 5.3–5.5 | |||
High chol % †† | 9.5 | 18.4 | 24.5 | 22.1 | 1.37 (p < 0.0001) | 17.5 | – | – |
6.1–12.9 | 13.7–23.0 | 19.5–29.4 | 16.7–27.4 | 15.1–19.8 | ||||