Table 2 Description of pain and sequelae for whiplash and non-whiplash victims, at 5 year post-road-accident
Non-Whiplash victims | Whiplash victims | Chi2 test1 | Whiplash victims by grade | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N = 185 | N = 197 | Grade 1 = 63 | Grade 2 = 104 | |||
n (%) | n (%) | p-value | n (%) | n (%) | ||
Presence of pain | <0.001 | |||||
Yes | 41 (22.2) | 68 (40.7) | 22 (34.9) | 46 (44.2) | ||
No/don’t know/no reply | 144 (77.8) | 99 (69.3) | 41 (65.1) | 58 (55.8) | ||
Pain by body region (present vs. absent) | ||||||
Head | 2 (1.1) | 11 (6.6) | <0.01 | 2 (3.2) | 9 (8.7) | |
Face | 2 (1.1) | 0 - | NS2-3 | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
Neck | 8 (4.3) | 49 (29.3) | <0.0001 | 14 (22.2) | 35 (33.7) | |
Spine | 13 (7.0) | 29 (17.4) | <0.01 | 8 (12.7) | 21 (20.2) | |
Thorax | 2 (1.1) | 2 (1.2) | NS3 | 1 (1.6) | 1 (1.0) | |
Abdomen | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.2) | NS3 | 1 (1.6) | 1 (1.0) | |
Upper limbs | 9 (4.9) | 12 (7.2) | NS | 5 (7.9) | 7 (6.7) | |
Lower limbs | 18 (9.7) | 7 (4.2) | <0.05 | 4 (6.3) | 3 (2.9) | |
Sequelae4 of injuries related to the accident (Yes vs. No/don’t know/no reply) | ||||||
Esthetic (broken nose, scar…) | 41 (22.2) | 13 (7.8) | <0.001 | 7 (11.1) | 6 (5.8) | |
Psychic (feeling bad) | 32 (17.3) | 42 (25.1) | NS | 13 (20.6) | 29 (27.9) | |
Psychocognitive (concentration or memory trouble) | 8 (4.3) | 18 (10.8) | NS | 5 (7.9) | 10 (9.6) | |
Headache | 18 (9.7) | 45 (26.9) | <0.0001 | 15 (23.8) | 30 (28.8) | |
Limbs (joint stiffness, lameness, muscle weakness…) | 18 (9.7) | 18 (10.8) | NS | 6 (9.5) | 12 (11.5) | |
Spine (joint stiffness, frailty…) | 16 (8.6) | 31 (18.6) | <0.01 | 8 (12.7) | 23 (22.1) | |
Neurological (paresthesia…) | 5 (2.7) | 8 (4.8) | NS | 1 (1.6) | 7 (6.7) | |
Sensory disorders (anosmia, …) | 5 (2.7) | 9 (5.4) | NS | 3 (4.8) | 6 (5.8) | |
Internal organs (dysfunction) | 1 (0.5) | 8 (4.8) | <0.023 | 4 (6.3) | 4 (3.8) | |
Other | 3 (1.6) | 0 - | NS3 | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |