Table 2 Prevalence of risk factors for hypertension by gender
From: Risk factors of hypertension among adults aged 35–64 years living in an urban slum Nairobi, Kenya
Risk Factor | Male | Female | All | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||
Smoking | ||||
Non smokers | 459 (71.6) | 862(97.2) | 1321(86.4) | <0.001 |
Current smokers | 114(17.8) | 16(1.8) | 130(8.5) | |
Past Smokers | 68(10.6) | 9(1.0) | 77(5.1) | |
Alcohol | ||||
Ever Consumed | 316(49.3) | 14.9(16.8) | 465(30.4) | <0.001 |
In the past 12 months | 187(29.2) | 73(8.2) | 260(17) | |
In the past 30 months | 159(24.8) | 52(5.9) | 211(6.5) | |
More than Recommended | 107(63.7) | 38(73.8) | 145(68.7) | 0.44 |
Vegetable Intake | ||||
Insufficient | 613(95.6) | 856(96.5) | 1469(96.1) | 0.38 |
Sufficient | 28(4.4) | 32(3.5) | 59(3.9) | |
Fruit consumption | ||||
Insufficient | 632(98.6) | 878(99) | 1510(98.8) | 0.49 |
Sufficient | 9(1.4) | 9(1.0) | 18(1.2) | |
Physical activity | ||||
High | 137(21.4) | 162(18.3) | 299(19.6) | 0.16 |
Moderate | 483(75.4) | 684(77.1) | 1167(76.4) | |
Low | 21(3.3) | 41(4.6) | 62(4.1) | |
BMI | ||||
Underweight | 64(10.0) | 31(3.5) | 95(6.2) | <0.001 |
Normal | 426(66.5) | 342(38.6) | 768(50.3) | |
Overweight | 113(17.6) | 288(32.5) | 401(26.2) | |
Obesity | 38(6.0) | 226(25.5) | 264(17.3) | |
Waist Circumference | ||||
Normal | 519(81.0) | 175(19.7) | 694(45.4) | <0.001 |
Elevated | 122(19.0) | 712(80.3) | 834(54.6) | |