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Table 4 Univariate associations between diabetes and co-morbidities

From: Do discrimination, residential school attendance and cultural disruption add to individual-level diabetes risk among Aboriginal people in Canada?

Parameter

Diabetes Prevalence (%)

Odds Ratio (95 % CI)

Parameter

Diabetes Prevalence (%)

Odds Ratio (95 % CI)

Shortness of Breath

  

Tuberculosis

  

Yes

16.7

2.17 (1.40, 3.36)

Yes

22.0

2.08 (1.07, 4.03)

No

8.5

1.00 (ref)

No

12.0

1.00 (ref)

Asthma

  

Sleep Apnea

  

Yes

19.5

1.87 (1.17, 2.98)

Yes

19.4

1.73 (0.89, 3.36)

No

11.4

1.00 (ref)

No

12.2

1.00 (ref)

General Physical Health

  

Chronic Respiratory Diseasesc

  

Poor

22.7

4.11 (1.19, 14.26)

Yes

21.2

1.95 (0.96, 3.99)

Fair

20.5

3.61 (1.28, 10.20)

No

12.1

1.00 (ref)

Good

11.3

1.78 (0.61, 5.17)

   

Very good

7.3

1.10 (0.34, 3.54)

Snore

  

Excellent

6.7

1.00 (ref)

Yes

15.2

1.64 (1.07, 2.53)

   

Do not know

12.3

1.28 (0.71, 2.31)

Mental Health

  

No

9.9

1.00 (ref)

Fair to poor

18.5

1.68 (0.98, 2.89)

   

Excellent to good

11.9

1.00 (ref)

Snore Volume

  
   

Loud to very loud

21.0

2.43 (1.41, 4.19)

Depression

  

Softer than talking

10.6

1.08 (0.59, 1.98)

Yes

16.8

1.54 (0.95, 2.50)

Do not know

12.9

1.35 (0.81, 2.26)

No

11.5

1.00 (ref)

Never

9.9

1.00 (ref)

Macro Vascular Complicationsa

  

Epworth Sleepiness Scale

  

Yes

32.1

4.25 (2.67, 6.77)

Abnormal

17.6

1.73 (0.99, 3.03)

No

10.1

1.00 (ref)

Normal

11.0

1.00 (ref)

Micro Vascular Complicationsb

  

Systolic Blood Pressure

  

Yes

29.0

3.63 (2.33, 5.66)

High

15.4

1.44 (0.93, 2.22)

No

10.1

1.00 (ref)

Not Available

12.7

1.16 (0.59, 2.29)

   

Low

11.3

1.00 (ref)

Cancer

Yes

31.0

3.32 (1.49, 7.40)

   

No

11.9

1.00 (ref)

   

Lung function measurements

Mean ± SD

Odds Ratio (95 % CI)

   

FVC

Diabetes-Yes

3.8 ± 1.0

0.45 (0.34, 0.60)

   

Diabetes-No

4.6 ± 1.1

1.00 (ref)

   

FEV1

Diabetes-Yes

3.0 ± 0.8

0.38 (0.28, 0.52)

   

Diabetes-No

3.8 ± 0.9

1.00 (ref)

   

FEV1/FVC ratio %

Diabetes-Yes

80.5 ± 7.4

0.97 (0.94, 0.99)

   

Diabetes-No

82.7 ± 7.2

1.00 (ref)

   
  1. aThis included heart disease, stroke and leg ulcers or amputations
  2. bThis included eye sight problems and kidney problems
  3. cThis included chronic bronchitis, emphysema and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
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