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Table 5 Risk of bias in randomized control trials and other study designs

From: Systematic review of structural interventions for intimate partner violence in low- and middle-income countries: organizing evidence for prevention

 

Randomized control trial

Other study designs

 

Pronyk (2008) [38]

Pulerwitz (2015) [40]

Wagman (2015) [42]

Ahmed (2005) [24]

Bobonis (2013) [25]

Das (2012) [26]

Jewkes (2014) [32]

Miller (2014) [36]

Pulerwitz (2015) [39]

Usdin (2005) [41]

Study design

          

 Prospective identification of intervention and comparison groups

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

No

No

Intervention only

Yes

Intervention only

No

 Baseline and follow-up measurement of intervention and comparison groups

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

No

No

Intervention only

Yes

Intervention only

Yes

Selection bias

          

 Sample size calculation

NR

NR

Yes

NR

NR

No

NR

NR

NR

NR

 Random sequence generation1

Yes

Yes

Yes+

---

---

---

---

---

---

 

 Allocation concealment

NR

No

No

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

 Blinding of outcome assessment

NR

NR

NR

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

 Equivalent eligibility criteria in intervention and comparison groups

---

---

---

Unclear2

Yes

Yes

Intervention only

Yes

Intervention only

Yes

Detection bias

          

 Consistent outcome measurement across intervention and comparison groups

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Intervention only

Yes

Yes

Yes

Analysis

          

 Statistical control for confounding

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

Partial3

Yes

 Intention to treat analysis

Yes

NR

Yes

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

Reporting bias

          

 Complete reporting of outcomes described in methods in results

Yes

Partial4

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Partial

Unclear

Reporting bias: conflicts of interest

        

 Implementation and analysis independent from funders

NR

NR

Yes

NR

NR

NR

NR

NR

NR

Partial5

Reporting bias: adherence to recommendations for IPV research

       

 Age ≥15 for IPV questions

N/A

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

N/A

Yes

N/A

Yes

N/A

 IPV-specific training for interviewers

N/A

NR

Yes

Unclear

NR

N/A

NR

N/A

NR

N/A

 IPV referral information or protocols

N/A

NR

Yes

NR

NR

N/A

NR

N/A

NR

N/A

  1. NR not reported
  2. N/A not applicable
  3. 1NR not reported, Yes = randomization reported, and Yes + = randomization and randomly generated allocation sequence reported
  4. 2It is unclear whether equivalent criteria were used to define “low-income” in intervention and comparison households based on reported methods
  5. 3It appears that authors used chi square tests or bivariate regression for IPV outcomes, and multivariate regression for analyses of gender norms
  6. 4The authors report all outcomes described in the methods among the results; however, they do not show full, adjusted effect sizes for all outcomes
  7. 5Evaluation reported to be conducted and managed by independent researchers
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BMC Public Health

ISSN: 1471-2458

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