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Table 1 Self-reported health behaviors and attitudes to preventive counseling among the medical students in the survey medical colleges (%)

From: The association between medical students’ lifestyles and their attitudes towards preventive counseling in different countries

 

China

Duke

Queensland

Total

χ2

P

Reach the health standard

 18.5 < BMI < 25

1227/1552 (79.1)

162/228 (71.1)

129/183 (70.5)

1518/1963 (77.3)

12.65

0.002

 Dieta

69/300 (23.0)

199/226 (88.1)

106/184 (57.6)

374/733 (51.0)

221.243

<0.001

 Exerciseb

481/1567 (30.7)

88/114 (77.2)

80/184 (43.5)

649/1865 (34.8)

108.039

<0.001

Non-smokingc

1447/1568 (92.3)

227/230 (98.7)

178/183 (97.3)

1852/1981 (93.5)

22.722

<0.001

 Non-heavy or binge drinkd

213/373 (57.1)

138/231 (59.7)

110/184 (59.8)

461/788 (58.5)

0.57

0.75

Stresse

1229/1568 (78.4)

162/231 (70.1)

130/184 (70.7)

1521/1983 (76.7)

11.823

0.003

Attitude

 Weight control

984/1568 (62.7)

120/231 (51.9)

95/184 (51.6)

1199/1983 (60.5)

2.143

0.342

 Balance diet

1226 (78.2)

193 (82.5)

142 (77.2)

1561 (78.7)

2.619

0.27

 Exercise

967 (61.7)

167/233 (72.8)

134 (72.8)

1268/1985 (63.9)

15.293

<0.001

Non-smoking

843 (53.8)

141 (61.0)

108 (58.7)

1092 (55.1)

64.215

<0.001

 Limit alcohol

717 (45.7)

129 (55.8)

91 (49.5)

937 (47.3)

70.388

<0.001

 Stress control

325 (20.7)

121 (51.7)

48 (26.1)

494 (24.9)

104.756

<0.001

Confidence

 Weight control

451/1568 (28.8)

82/233 (35.5)

68/184 (37.0)

601/1983 (30.3)

8.052

0.018

 Diet

601 (38.3)

64 (27.5)

50 (27.2)

715/1983 (36.1)

17.518

<0.001

 Exercise

584 (37.2)

113 (48.9)

89/114 (78.1)

786/1913 (40.1)

16.95

<0.001

Non-smoking

851 (54.3)

104 (45.0)

94 (51.1)

1049/1983 (52.9)

7.891

0.019

 Limit alcohol

725 (46.2)

90 (39.0)

76 (41.3)

891/1983 (44.9)

5.93

0.052

 Stress control

423 (27.0)

48 (20.8)

38 (20.7)

509/1983 (25.7)

7.098

0.029

Responsibility

 

1449/1478 (98.0)

217/234 (92.7)

177/185 (95.7)

1843/1897 (97.2)

22.16

<0.001

Education/Training

 Weight control

554/1568 (35.3)

137/233 (58.8)

154/182 (84.6)

845/1983 (42.6)

190.255

<0.001

 Diet

784 (50.0)

120 (51.5)

129/185 (69.7)

1033 (52.1)

25.835

<0.001

 Exercise

721 (46.0)

131 (56.2)

132 (71.4)

981 (49.5)

47.31

<0.001

Non-smoking

927 (59.1)

130 (55.8)

152 (82.2)

1209 (61.0)

39.752

<0.001

 Limit alcohol

811 (51.7)

87 (37.3)

143 (77.3)

1041 (52.5)

67.457

<0.001

 Stress control

592 (37.8)

84 (36.1)

92 (49.7)

768 (38.7)

10.768

0.005

School health environmentf

 Encouraged healthy lifestyle

1505/1568 (96.0)

170/232 (73.3)

143/184 (73.3)

1818/1984 (91.63)

189.292

<0.001

 Class of preventive medicine

1433 (91.4)

152 (65.5)

156 (84.3)

1741 (87.8)

127.651

<0.001

 Good system to cope with stress

1116 (71.2)

194 (83.6)

117(63.2)

1427 (71.9)

23.041

<0.001

 Encourages healthy eating healthy

1147 (92.3)

141 (60.8)

126 (68.1)

1414 (71.3)

227.76

<0.001

 Encourage to exercise

1496 (95.4)

170 (73.3)

125 (67.6)

1791 (90.3)

231.051

<0.001

 Discourages from smoking

1549 (98.8)

204 (87.9)

145 (78.4)

1898 (95.7)

201.506

<0.001

  1. aDiet: Consuming ≥ 5 daily servings of fruits and/or vegetables (Duke and Queensland)
  2. Consuming ≥ 200 g of fruits and ≥ 300 g vegetables daily (China)
  3. bEngaging in ≥ 150 min/week of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity,
  4. cSmokers are those who reported current smoking and having smoked ≥ 100 cigarettes in lifetime,
  5. dBinge drinkers are those who consume ≥ 5 (males) or ≥ 4 (females) drinks of alcohol on a single occasion;
  6. Heavy drinkers are males who drink on average > 2 drinks daily and females who drink on average > 1 drink daily
  7. eBear the stress during the past 2 weeks
  8. fStudents’ perception means the students that their school environment has encouraged them to lead healthy lifestyle