Challenges of the epidemiological and economic burdens associated with hypertension in middle income countries: evidence from Mexico

Table 3 Cost from epidemiological changes of hypertension expected for the years 2015, 2016, 2017 in Mexico (in US$)

Item cost		Year
	2015	2016	2017	p value
Direct costs
Consultations/diagnosis	342,503,700	358,813,400	391,432,800	<0.001
Drugs	399,587,467	418,615,441	456,671,390	<0.001
Hospitalization	313,961,277	328,911,814	358,812,888	<0.001
Nephropathy	988,978,836	1,036,073,067	1,130,261,527	<0.001
Nonfatal myocardial infarction	449,535,634	470,942,093	513,755,010	<0.001
Nonfatal stroke	359,628,074	376,753,221	411,003,513	<0.001
Total direct costs	2854,194,988	2,990,109,035	3,261,937,129	<0.001
Indirect costs
Mortality	474,872,870	497,485,864	542,711,851	<0.001
Permanent disability	2342,709,670	2,454,267,274	2,677,382,480	<0.001
Temporary disability	348,240,277	364,823,148	397,988,888	<0.001
Total indirect costs	3,165,822,818	3,316,576,285	3,618,083,220	<0.001
TOTAL COSTS	6,020,017,806	6,306,685,320	6,880,020,349	<0.001

Source: Arredondo et al. (2014) [17] Costos y consecuencias financieras del cambio en el perfil epidemiológico en México. INSP–University of Montreal-International Development Research Centre, 1999–2009. Update of probabilistic models, January 2015
Box–Pierce statistical test (P < 0.001)
Exchange rate: January 2015, 1 US$ = 14.85 Mexican $

ISSN: 1471-2458