The Cedar Project: resilience in the face of HIV vulnerability within a cohort study involving young Indigenous people who use drugs in three Canadian cities

Table 1 Baseline comparisons of mean resilience scores by demographic and historical trauma variables and childhood maltreatment experiences among Cedar Project participants (n = 191)

	Baseline frequencies		Resilience score		p-value
	N	%	Mean	SD	p-value
All participants	191	100 %	62.04	22.22	-
Demographic and historical trauma variables
Age (mean, SD)	28.89	5.07	-	-	-
Sex
Male	94	49 %	64.12	22.37	0.871
Female	97	51 %	60.72	23.65	0.871
Location
Prince George	102	53 %	60.13	25.22	0.248
Chase	15	8 %	68.93	13.53
Vancouver	74	39 %	63.75	21.71
Any parent attended residential school
No	41	22 %	63.97	21.45	0.629
Unsure	57	30 %	61.12	23.27
At least one parent attended	92	48 %	62.65	23.97
Ever in Foster Care
No	56	29 %	68.35	19.15	0.044
Yes	135	71 %	59.99	24.07	0.044
Education
Less than high school	158	84 %	61.55	22.73	0.037
High school or higher	31	16 %	67.83	19.21	0.037
Relationship status
Single	19	10 %	64.06	15.01	0.798
In a relationship	169	90 %	62.22	23.83	0.798
Childhood maltreatment severity
Emotional abuse
None	57	31 %	64.13	24.27	0.503
Low/Moderate	68	37 %	64.70	19.90
Severe	61	33 %	58.06	25.02
Physical abuse
None	81	44 %	63.65	23.34	0.894
Low/Moderate	28	15 %	63.80	22.15
Severe	77	41 %	60.52	23.26
Sexual abuse
None	80	43 %	62.36	24.67	0.996
Low/Moderate	33	18 %	62.57	24.67
Severe	72	39 %	62.40	22.89
Emotional neglect
None	53	29 %	69.94	20.49	0.005
Low/Moderate	95	52 %	60.74	23.21
Severe	36	20 %	53.08	23.41
Physical neglect
None	39	21 %	67.47	19.11	0.580
Low/Moderate	73	40 %	62.38	23.84
Severe	72	39 %	59.53	24.00

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