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Table 3 Respondent’s odds of being HIV-positive by selected background characteristics

From: Male circumcision and HIV infection among sexually active men in Malawi

Background characteristics

Model I

Model II

Model III

Model IV

Exp β

CI

Exp β

CI

Exp β

CI

Exp β

CI

Age

 15–24

0.097***

.072–.132

0.131***

.085-.200

0.149***

.092-.240

0.070***

.025-.197

 25–39

0.634***

.525-.766

0.675**

.538-.848

0.610***

.610-.796

0.895

.557-1.437

 40+a

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Marital status

 Never married

0.356***

.293-.432

1.016

.778-1.326

1.010

.742-1.375

1.149

.640-2.065

 Ever Marrieda

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Age at sexual debut

  < 15

0.410***

.327-.513

0.875

.656-1.167

0.889

.637-1.242

0.745

.407-1.366

 15+a

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Ever had ritual sex

 Yes

0.706

.463-1.075

1.172

.724-1.898

0.822

.434-1.556

2.399*

1.053-5.466

 Noa

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Number of life time partners

 1

0.103***

.068-0.156

0.173***

.099-.301

0.117***

.059-.234

0.500

.184-1.356

 2

0.351***

.274-.449

0.423***

.319-.562

0.438***

.317-.605

0.314***

.165-.599

 3

0.586***

.468-.734

0.605***

.466-.786

0.582***

.430-.787

0.513*

.286-.921

 4

0.447***

.327-.610

0.454***

.318-.649

0.378***

.243-.589

0.705

.365-1.363

 5a

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Type of residence

 Urban

1.912***

1.588-2.303

2.024***

1.567-2.615

2.311***

1.715-3.112

1.652

.916-2.908

 Rurala

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Region

 Central/Northern

0.537***

.452-.639

0.591***

.476-.733

0.573***

.450-.729

0.719

.415-1.246

 Southerna

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Religion

 Catholic

1.107

.807-1.518

1.443

.931-2.237

0.820

.269-2.503

2.426*

1.228-4.793

 Other Christian

1.131

.855-1.498

1.441

.971-2.137

0.873

.291-2.623

1.300

.805-2.098

 Muslima

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Level of education

 None

1.111

.786-1.570

1.262

.799-1.993

2.438**

1.434-4.144

0.395

.150-1.035

 Primary

0.889

.738-1.072

1.194

.932-1.528

1.342*

1.007-1.787

0.952

.540-1.679

 Secondary + a

-

 

-

-

-

-

-

-

Wealth index

 Poor

0.575***

.468-.707

0.787

.598-1.036

0.753

.546-1.040

1.123

.629-2.004

 Medium

0.788*

.630-.988

0.757

.562-1.019

0.606**

.422-.871

1.928*

1.057-3.517

 Richa

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Circumcision status

 Circumcised

1.341**

1.103-1.631

1.177

.871-1.590

-

-

-

-

 Not circumciseda

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Age at circumcision

  < 10

0.879

.531-1.455

-

-

-

-

1.433

.737-2.787

 10-14

0.855

.549-1.332

-

-

-

-

1.409

.787-2.520

 15+a

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Type of circumciser

 Traditional

1.025

.641-1.637

-

-

-

-

0.901

.478-1.699

 Medicala

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 Constant

-

-

0.271***

-

0.457

-

0.209**

-

  1. *p < 0.050; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; aReference category
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BMC Public Health

ISSN: 1471-2458

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