Variable |  | Total N (%) | HCV + N (%) | Odds ratio (95 % CI) | χ 2 | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex | female | 1683 (100) | 558 (33.2) | 2.17 (1.89–2.51) | 115.6 | <0.001 |
 | Male | 1536 (100) | 797 (51.9) |  |  |  |
Age | <50 years old | 1575 (100) | 438 (27.8) | 3.27 (2.83–3.79) | 258.2 | <0.001 |
 | >50 years old | 1644 (100) | 917 (55.8) |  |  |  |
Education | college | 138 (100) | 11 (8.0) | Â | 55.4 | <0.001 |
 | middle school | 805 (100) | 270 (33.5) | 4.21 (2.24–7.90) |  |  |
 | primary school | 2276 (100) | 1074 (47.2) | 5.92 (3.19–10.99) |  |  |
Occupation | farmer | 3032 (100) | 1327 (43.8) | 0.23 (0.16–0.33) | 59.9 | <0.001 |
 | non-farmer | 187 (100) | 28 (15.0) |  |  |  |
Cigarette smoking | No | 1684 (100) | 517 (30.7) | 2.17 (2.35–3.13) | 188.1 | <0.001 |
 | Yes | 1535 (100) | 838 (54.5) |  |  |  |
Alcohol consumption | No | 2138 (100) | 771 (36.1) | 2.09 (1.80–2.42) | 95.5 | <0.001 |
 | Yes | 1081 (100) | 584 (54.1) |  |  |  |
HBV infection | no | 2966 (100) | 1262 (42.5) | 0.785 (0.602–1.024) | 2410 | <0.001 |
 | yes | 253 (100) | 963 (36.7) |  |  |  |
PCNBSS | no | 2424 (100) | 771 (31.8) | 5.93 (4.96–7.10) | 426.1 | <0.001 |
 | yes | 795 (100) | 584 (73.5) |  |  |  |
Surgery | no | 1814 (100) | 771 (42.5) | 0.96 (0.84–1.11) | 0.285 | 0.59 |
 | yes | 1405 (100) | 584 (41.6) |  |  |  |
Ear piercing | no | 1927 (100) | 925 (48) | 0.54 (0.47–0.62) | 71.1 | <0.001 |
 | yes | 1292 (100) | 429 (33.2) |  |  |  |
Blood transfusion | no | 3108 (100) | 1293 (41.6) | 1.71 (1.17–2.50) | 9.2 | <0.05 |
 | yes | 111 (100) | 61 (55) |  |  |  |
Blood donation | no | 3136 (100) | 1338 (42.7) | 0.35 (0.20–0.59) | 16.3 | <0.001 |
 | yes | 83 (100) | 17 (20.5) |  |  |  |
Tattooing | no | 3101 (100) | 1331 (42.9) | 0.34 (0.22–0.53) | 24.5 | <0.001 |
 | yes | 118 (100) | 24 (20.3) |  |  |  |
Prior dental surgery | no | 1666 (100) | 623 (37.4) | 1.489 (1.29–1.71) | 33.6 | <0.001 |
 | yes | 1551 (100) | 730 (47.1) |  |  |  |