Meta-analysis sub-groupa | No. participants/trials/studiesb | No. (%) trials with combined outcome measuresc | Effect measured | Effect estimate average (95Â % CI)M/median (range)R,e | I 2 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Educational training/courses | |||||
 Educators-Behaviours | 85/2/2 | 1 (50) | SMD | 0.44 (0.33, 0.54)M | 0 % |
 Educators-Knowledge | 47/3/3 | 2 (67) | RR | 2.86 (1.31, 5.63)R | 79 % |
 Educators-Attitudes | 33/2/2 | 0 (0) | RR | 1.34 (1.06, 1.63)R | 73 % |
 Adults-Behaviours | 11,764/17/16 | 8 (47) | SMD | 0.28 (0.11, 1.49)R | 100 % |
 Adults-Behaviours | 3049/10/10 | 7 (70) | RR | 1.26 (0.95, 2.66)R | 97 % |
 Adults-Knowledgef | 1018/8/7 | 0 (0) | SMD | 0.61 (0.01, 1.04)R | 95 % |
 Adults-Knowledge | 4239/6/6 | 1 (17) | RR | 1.92 (1.18, 3.10)R | 99 % |
 Adults-Attitudesf | 1332/7/7 | 3 (43) | SMD | 0.43 (0.05, 0.95)R | 99 % |
 Adults-Attitudes | 876/4/4 | 1 (25) | RR | 1.09 (1.04, 1.33)R | 86 % |
 Children/youth-Behaviours | 401/3/3 | 0 (0) | SMD | 0.31 (0.14, 1.32)R | 99 % |
 Children/youth-Behaviours | 226/2/2 | 1 (50) | RR | 5.37 (1.04, 9.69)R | 94 % |
 Children/youth-Knowledge | 1028/6/6 | 1 (17) | SMD | 1.06 (0.09, 4.02)R | 100 % |
 Children/youth-Knowledge | 1719/6/6 | 4 (67) | RR | 1.77 (1.11, 5.04)R | 98 % |
 Children/youth-Attitudes | 294/3/3 | 0 (0) | SMD | 0.31 (0.10, 1.32)R | 99 % |
Media campaigns/other messaging | |||||
 Adults-Behaviours | 2430/7/6 | 5 (71) | RR | 1.35 (0.90, 2.35)R | 93 % |
 Adults-Knowledge | 1129/7/7 | 7 (100) | RR | 1.58 (1.07, 1.87)R | 96 % |
 Adults-Attitudesf | 1002/3/3 | 1 (33) | SMD | 0.43 (0.13, 0.81)R | 99 % |
 Adults-Attitudes | 2420/6/5 | 2 (33) | RR | 1.10 (1.02, 1.23)R | 85 % |
 Adults-Stages of changeg | 1193/3/2 | 0 (0) | RR | 1.09 (1.07, 1.81)R | 70 % |