Table 2 Multilevel models of the determinants of annual health expenditure, São Paulo Megacity Study, Brazil
Null model | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
β | 95 % CI | β | 95 % CI | β | 95 % CI | β | 95 % CI | ||
Sex (women) | 110.68 | 20.41–200.95 | 71.31 | −19.71–162.33 | 87.68 | −3.28–178.65 | 86.11 | −4.74–176.96 | |
Age | |||||||||
18 to 34 | |||||||||
35 to 49 | 116.68 | 5.05–228.31 | 107.75 | −3.39–218.89 | 113.38 | 1.98–224.78 | 114.42 | 3.10–225.75 | |
50 to 64 | 225.95 | 86.71–365.19 | 227.12 | 88.55–365.70 | 219.80 | 80.82–358.78 | 229.11 | 90.23–367.99 | |
65 or older | 398.88 | 207.47–590.28 | 426.35 | 235.58–617.12 | 418.46 | 227.16–609.77 | 432.40 | 240.78–624.02 | |
Education | |||||||||
Basic | |||||||||
High School | 85.59 | −21.26–192.44 | 84.49 | −21.85–190.83 | 96.18 | −10.60–202.96 | 91.05 | −15.55–197.65 | |
College | 121.98 | −30.23–274.18 | 120.66 | −30.82–272.14 | 127.36 | −24.54–279.27 | 130.52 | −21.34–282.38 | |
Marital status | |||||||||
Single | |||||||||
Widowed/divorced | 68.34 | −68.02–204.71 | 67.00 | −68.73–202.72 | 58.18 | −78.02–194.38 | 64.73 | −71.29–200.74 | |
Married | 45.54 | −64.23–155.30 | 49.20 | −60.05–158.45 | 43.55 | −65.98–153.08 | 50.23 | −59.27–159.73 | |
Individual income | 0.01 | 0.00–0.01 | 0.01 | 0.00–0.01 | 0.01 | 0.00–0.01 | 0.01 | 0.00–0.01 | |
Private health plan | 283.96 | 185.49–382.43 | 285.02 | 187.02–383.02 | 283.99 | 185.73–382.25 | 285.28 | 187.06–383.49 | |
Per capita income (contextual) | 0.21 | 0.13–0.29 | 0.21 | 0.13–0.29 | 0.21 | 0.13–0.29 | 0.21 | 0.13–0.21 | |
Depression | 308.28 | 194.05–422.50 | |||||||
Anxiety | 177.82 | 79.68–275.97 | |||||||
Any mental disorder | 180.52 | 91.13–269.92 | |||||||
Log likelihood | 49887.88 | 49695.48 | 49667.64 | 49682.89 | 49679.86 | ||||