Framingham [24]
|
US
|
Men
|
Cohort
|
3871
|
>50
|
19.9
|
30.0
|
14.7
|
35.4
|
10.0
|
Ischemic stroke
|
8
|
Women
|
Cohort
|
5300
|
>50
|
37.9
|
39.1
|
9.6
|
13.4
|
DANCOS [8]
|
Denmark
|
Men
|
Cohort
|
12994
|
19–75
|
14.4
|
27.8
|
41.5
|
16.3
|
6.9
|
Coronary disease, total mortality
|
7
|
Women
|
Cohort
|
13794
|
20–79
|
27.9
|
39.8
|
28.8
|
3.8
|
EPOZ [25]
|
Netherlands
|
Men
|
Cohort
|
760
|
-
|
6.7
|
17.6
|
38.6
|
37.1
|
10.0
|
Cardiac death, total mortality
|
6
|
Women
|
Cohort
|
860
|
-
|
18.4
|
29.3
|
34.9
|
17.4
|
MPC [10]
|
US
|
Men
|
Cohort
|
13870
|
>30
|
60.9
|
14.4
|
10.0
|
12.8
|
20.0
|
Coronary disease, stroke, total mortality
|
7
|
Women
|
Cohort
|
13808
|
>30
|
85.6
|
8.4
|
3.2
|
2.2
|
NHEFS [26]
|
US
|
Men
|
Cohort
|
768
|
46.3
|
17.8
|
63.8
|
7.0
|
11.5
|
17.0
|
Total mortality
|
5
|
Women
|
Cohort
|
1286
|
45.7
|
36.7
|
56.5
|
3.2
|
3.7
|
Whitehall II [27]
|
UK
|
Men
|
Cohort
|
6840
|
35–55
|
13.0
|
45.6
|
12.6
|
28.7
|
11.0
|
Coronary disease, total mortality
|
7
|
Women
|
Cohort
|
3374
|
35–55
|
29.1
|
54.8
|
11.4
|
4.7
|
MONICA/KORA-Augsburg [28]
|
Germany
|
Men
|
Cohort
|
1345
|
35–64
|
7.4
|
19.7
|
23.8
|
34.5
|
10.1
|
Total mortality
|
7
|
Women
|
Cohort
|
1365
|
35–64
|
28.3
|
30.0
|
15.8
|
-
|
MCCS [9]
|
Australia
|
Men
|
Cohort
|
15156
|
40–69
|
13.2
|
39.9
|
20.8
|
16.1
|
11.4
|
Coronary disease
|
8
|
Women
|
Cohort
|
23044
|
40–69
|
38.3
|
37.3
|
11.0
|
-
|
CCHS [29]
|
Denmark
|
Men
|
Cohort
|
5272
|
>20
|
15.3
|
-
|
51.0
|
33.7
|
20.0
|
Coronary disease, total mortality
|
9
|
Women
|
Cohort
|
6642
|
>20
|
42.8
|
-
|
50.4
|
6.8
|
HPFS and NHS [30]
|
US
|
Men
|
Cohort
|
43685
|
54
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
18-20
|
Total stroke, ischemic stroke
|
6
|
Women
|
Cohort
|
71243
|
50
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
LWCS [31]
|
US
|
Men
|
Cohort
|
4852
|
74
|
21.6
|
24.9
|
27.0
|
26.5
|
12.0
|
Cardiac death
|
7
|
Women
|
Cohort
|
8444
|
73
|
27.7
|
35.4
|
21.3
|
15.7
|
DDCHS [32, 33]
|
Denmark
|
Men
|
Cohort
|
26035
|
50–65
|
4.9
|
52.3
|
11.9
|
30.9
|
5.7
|
Coronary disease
|
8
|
Women
|
Cohort
|
29427
|
50–65
|
15.8
|
66.0
|
9.2
|
9.0
|
JACC [34–36]
|
Japan
|
Men
|
Cohort
|
34776
|
40–79
|
22.5
|
17.6
|
23.2
|
29.9
|
14.2
|
Cardiac death, total mortality, stroke, ischemic stroke
|
9
|
Women
|
Cohort
|
48906
|
40–79
|
83.5
|
12.0
|
2.1
|
0.7
|
EPIC-Nutrition-Heidelberg [37]
|
Germany
|
Men
|
Cohort
|
11062
|
42–62
|
30.0
|
31.0
|
30.0
|
9.0
|
12.0
|
Total stroke
|
7
|
Women
|
Cohort
|
12865
|
37–62
|
60.0
|
22.0
|
13.0
|
5.0
|
EPIC-Potsdam [38]
|
Germany
|
Men
|
Nested case-cohort
|
815
|
35–65
|
3.2
|
33.4
|
24.5
|
38.9
|
8.2
|
Coronary disease, stroke
|
6
|
Women
|
Nested case-cohort
|
1360
|
35–65
|
2.6
|
81.9
|
14.1
|
7.4
|
EPIC-Spanish [39]
|
Spain
|
Men
|
Cohort
|
15630
|
29–69
|
4.0
|
13.5
|
32.6
|
41.3
|
10.0
|
Coronary disease
|
7
|
Women
|
Cohort
|
25808
|
29–69
|
35.1
|
33.8
|
21.3
|
3.0
|
Lifestyle and health study [40, 41]
|
Netherlands
|
Men
|
Nested case-cohort
|
1961
|
45–70
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
5.0
|
Coronary disease, total mortality
|
5
|
Women
|
Nested case-cohort
|
1713
|
45–70
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
NHIS [42, 43]
|
US
|
Men
|
Cohort
|
10998
|
>18
|
-
|
23.0
|
30.0
|
47.0
|
14.0
|
Cardiac death, total mortality
|
8
|
Women
|
Cohort
|
9767
|
>18
|
-
|
33.3
|
36.6
|
31.1
|