Table 2 Socio-demographic characteristics of participating farm, village, and slum households from the Los Rios region, Chile (2010–2012)

Income level^a

≤ $350 USD per month

263 (62.3)

78 (58.2)

74 (50.7)

111 (78.2)

<0.01

>$350 USD per month

159 (37.7)

56 (41.8)

72 (49.3)

31 (21.8)

Head of household education^a

< High school

311 (73.7)

95 (70.9)

106 (72.6)

110 (77.5)

0.43

High school or greater

111 (26.3)

39 (29.1)

40 (27.4)

32 (22.5)

Sex head of household^a

Male

159 (37.7)

54 (40.3)

76 (52.1)

29 (20.4)

<0.01

Female

263 (62.3)

80 (59.7)

70 (47.9)

113 (79.6)

Age head of household^a

Mean (range)

45.6 (17–87)

48.6 (19–85)

51.5 (18–87)

36.7 (17–77)

<0.01

Any children in the household^a

Yes

285 (67.5)

78 (58.2)

95 (65.0)

112 (78.9)

<0.01

No

137 (32.5)

56 (41.8)

51 (35.0)

30 (21.1)

Number of people in the household^a

Mean (range)

4.2 (1–12)

4.1 (1–12)

4.4 (2–12)

4.1 (1–11)

0.18

Species diversity^a

Mean (range)

2.7 (0–7)

2.7 (0–7)

4.0 (0–7)

1.3 (0–3)

<0.01

Household owns dogs

Yes

345 (81.8)

113 (84.3)

134 (91.8)

98 (69.0)

<0.01

No

77 (18.2)

21 (15.7)

12 (8.2)

44 (31.0)

Household owns cats

Yes

235 (55.7)

77 (57.5)

87 (59.6)

71 (50.0)

0.23

No

187 (44.3)

57 (42.5)

59 (40.4)

71 (50.0)

Household owns livestock

Yes

195 (46.2)

61 (45.5)

131 (89.7)

3 (2.1)

<0.01

No

262 (53.8)

73 (54.5)

15 (10.3)

139 (97.9)

Household has a garden

Yes

242 (57.3)

91 (67.9)

122 (83.6)

29 (20.4)

<0.01

No

180 (42.7)

43 (32.1)

24 (16.4)

113 (79.6)

Type of house

Shack/hut

123 (29.1)

3 (2.2)

2 (1.4)

118 (83.1)

<0.01

House

299 (70.9)

131 (97.8)

144 (98.6)

24 (16.9)

Condition of house

Good

349 (82.7)

116 (86.6)

132 (90.4)

101 (71.1)

<0.01

Floors, walls, and/or roof deteriorated

73 (17.3)

18 (13.4)

14 (9.6)

41 (28.9)

Drinking water source

Community or household tap

311 (73.7)

121 (90.3)

49 (33.6)

141 (99.3)

<0.01

Well

68 (16.1)

3 (2.2)

65 (44.5)

0

Natural water source

43 (10.2)

10 (7.5)

32 (21.9)

1 (0.7)

Human waste disposal

Septic tank/system

232 (55.0)

108 (80.6)

85 (58.2)

39 (27.5)

<0.01

Latrine

110 (26.0)

21 (15.7)

50 (34.2)

39 (27.5)

None/Outhouse

80 (19.0)

5 (3.7)

11 (7.5)

64 (45.0)

Garbage removed by truck

Yes

363 (86.0)

119 (88.8)

109 (74.7)

135 (95.1)

<0.01

No

59 (14.0)

15 (11.2)

37 (27.2)

7 (4.9)

Number of rodent signs^a

Mean (range)

1.7 (0–5)

1.6 (0–4)

2.0 (0–5)

1.5 (0–5)

<0.01

Survey season

Summer (January–April)

161 (38.2)

63 (47.0)

65 (44.5)

33 (23.2)

<0.01

Spring (September–December)

261 (61.8)

71 (53.0)

81 (55.5)

109 (76.8)