Understanding the complex interplay of barriers to physical activity amongst black and minority ethnic groups in the United Kingdom: a qualitative synthesis using meta-ethnography

Table 3 Quality criteria and results

Study	Ahmad (2011) [45]	Carroll et al. (2002) [34]	Williams and Sultan (1999) [33]	Farooqi et al. (2000) [36]	Grace et al. (2008) [39]	Jepson et al. (2008) [30]	Keval (2009) [44]	Lawton et al. (2006) [38]	Netto et al. (2007) [35]	Rai and Finch (1997) [40]	Rishbeth (2004) [42]	OPENspace (2006) [43]	Sportscotland (2001) [41]	Sriskantharajah and Kai (2007) [37]
Is this study qualitative research?	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Are the research questions clearly stated?	~	+	+	+	+	+	~	+	+	+	~	+	+	+
Is the qualitative approach clearly justified?	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Is the approach appropriate for the research question?	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Is the study context clearly described?	~	~	~	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	~	~	~	+
Is the role of the researcher clearly described?	~	~	~	~	~	~	-	~	~	~	~	~	~	~
Is there a connection to an existing body of knowledge or theory?	+	+	-	~	+	+	+	+	~	+	~	-	+	+
Is the sampling method clearly described?	~	+	+	+	+	+	~	+	+	+	~	+	~	+
Is the sampling strategy appropriate for the research question?	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	~	+
Is the method of data collection clearly described?	~	~	~	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	~	+
Is the data collection method appropriate to the research question?	+	+	+	+	+	+	~	+	+	+	~	+	+	+
Is the method of analysis clearly described?	~	+	~	~	+	+	~	~	~	+	-	-	~	~
Is the analysis appropriate for the research question?	~	+	~	~	~	+	~	+	+	+	~	~	+	~
Are the claims made supported by sufficient evidence?	+	+	~	+	+	+	~	+	~	+	~	~	+	+

+ = ‘Yes’, ~ = ‘Unclear’, − = ‘No’. Fourteen-item Checklist on Modified version of CASP tool. Source: Atkins et al. BMC Medical Research Methodology 2008, 8

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