Table 3 Distribution of medical conditions for confirmed outpatient cases and negative controls according to age group
From: Effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical measures in preventing pediatric influenza: a case–control study
0-4 years | 5-17 years | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cases | Controls | Crude OR | P value | Cases | Controls | Crude OR | P value | |
(n = 122) | (n = 122) | (95 % CI) | (n = 93) | (n = 93) | (95 % CI) | |||
Pneumonia in previous 2 years | 12 (9.8 %) | 2 (1.6 %) | 6.00 (1.34 – 26.81) | 0.02 | 8 (8.6 %) | 6 (6.5 %) | 1.48 (0.47 – 4.70) | 0.50 |
Asthma | 10 (8.2 %) | 4 (3.3 %) | 3.00 (0.81 – 11.08) | 0.10 | 16 (17.2 %) | 9 (9.7 %) | 2.07 (0.83 – 5.15) | 0.12 |
Renal failure or nephritic syndrome | 1 (0.8 %) | 0 (0.0 %) | - | - | 3 (3.2 %) | 2 (2.2 %) | 1.50 (0.25 – 8.98) | 0.66 |
Diabetes | 0 (0.0 %) | 0 (0.0 %) | - | - | 1 (1.1 %) | 2 (2.2 %) | 0.50 (0.04 – 5.51) | 0.57 |
Disabling neurological disease | 1 (0.8 %) | 3 (2.4 %) | 0.33 (0.03 – 3.20) | 0.34 | 6 (6.5 %) | 0 (0.0 %) | 65.29(0.09– 46313) | 0.21 |
Transplantation | 0 (0.0 %) | 0 (0.0 %) | - | - | 4 (4.3 %) | 0 (0.0 %) | 65.29 (0.02 – 202501.6) | 0.31 |
Obesity | 0 (0.0 %) | 1 (1.1 %) | - | - | 2 (2.6 %) | 2 (2.6 %) | 0.01 (0 – 500061.3) | 0.58 |
Previous antibiotics | 18 (14.8 %) | 27 (22.0 %) | 0.50 (0.22 – 1.11) | 0.09 | 9 (9.7 %) | 11 (11.8 %) | 0.83 (0.33 – 2.11) | 0.69 |
Systemic corticosteroids | 4 (3.3 %) | 1 (0.8 %) | 4.00 (0.45 – 35.79) | 0.21 | 5 (5.4 %) | 2 (2.2 %) | 4.70 (0.52 – 42.78) | 0.17 |
Inhaled corticosteroids | 13 (10.7 %) | 7 (5.7 %) | 2.20 (0.76 – 6.33) | 0.14 | 7 (7.5 %) | 5 (5.4 %) | 1.40 (0.44 – 4.41) | 0.57 |
≥1 risk factors | 16 (13.1 %) | 12 (9.8 %) | 1.50 (0.61 – 3.67) | 0.37 | 29 (31.2 %) | 18 (19.4 %) | 1.97 (0.97 – 3.96) | 0.06 |
≥2 risk factors | 1 (0.8 %) | 2 (1.6 %) | 0.50 (0.04 – 5.51) | 0.57 | 6 (6.5 %) | 1 (1.1 %) | 6.77 (0.81 – 56.84) | 0.08 |