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Table 1 Performance indicators to measure guideline adherence among GPs

From: Cost-effectiveness of a multifaceted implementation strategy for the Dutch multidisciplinary guideline for nonspecific low back pain: design of a stepped-wedge cluster randomised controlled trial

Performance indicators for LBP

Operationalization

Referral to consultation with medical specialist (neurologist and/or orthopaedist)

Referrals as percentage of total consultations for non-specific LBP per GP, reported separately for both specialists

Referral for diagnostic imaging

Referrals for MRI, x-ray or CT as percentage of total consultations for non-specific LBP per GP, reported separately for every imaging technique

Inquiries about psychosocial risk factors (clinical yellow flags)

Consultations where psychosocial risk factors were discussed and reported, as percentage of total consultations for non-specific LBP per GP

Referral to psychological consultation as indicator for multidisciplinary collaboration

Referrals as percentage of total consultations for non-specific LBP per GP

Inquiries about work-related risk factors (occupational blue flags)

Consultations where occupational risk factors were reported as percentage of total consultations for non-specific LBP per GP

Referral to and/or contact with OP as indicator for multidisciplinary collaboration

Consultations where referral to and/or contact with OP was made as percentage of total consultations for non-specific LBP per GP, reported separately for referral to OP and contact between GP and OP