Table 1 Categorisation of newspaper articles
From: Content analysis of press coverage during the H1N1 influenza pandemic in Germany 2009–2010
Categories | 4 June 2009 | 11 June 2009 | 18 June 2009 | 25 June 2009 | 2 July 2009 | 9 July 2009 | 16 July 2009 | 5, 12 and 19 August 2010 | ∑ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of articles | 13 | 18 | 21 | 6 | 20 | 10 | 36 | 16 | 140 |
% (n) | % (n) | % (n) | % (n) | % (n) | % (n) | % (n) | % (n) | % (n) | |
Information on disease/virus | |||||||||
H1N1 | 7.7 (1) | 27.8 (5) | 14.3 (3) | 33.3 (2) | 15.0 (3) | 40.0 (4) | 16.7 (6) | 0 (0) | 17.1 (24) |
Influenza and H1N1 | 0 (0) | 5.6 (1) | 4.8 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 8.3 (3) | 0 (0) | 3.6 (5) |
No information | 92.3 (12) | 66.7 (12) | 80.1 (17) | 66.7 (4) | 85.0 (17) | 60.0 (6) | 75.0 (27) | 100 (16) | 79.3 (111) |
Facts and figures | |||||||||
Cases | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 4.8 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.7 (1) |
Deaths | 23.1 (3) | 44.4 (8) | 38.1 (8) | 83.3 (5) | 60.0 (12) | 40.0 (4) | 22.2 (8) | 6.3 (1) | 35.0 (49) |
Cases and deaths | 23.1 (3) | 27.8 (5) | 4.8 (1) | 16.7 (1) | 10.0 (2) | 20.0 (2) | 22.2 (8) | 12.5 (2) | 17.1 (24) |
Not applicable | 53.8 (7) | 27.8 (5) | 52.4 (11) | 0 (0) | 30.0 (6) | 40.0 (4) | 55.6 (20) | 81.3 (13) | 47.1 (66) |
Information on… | |||||||||
Course of the pandemic | 15.4 (2) | 66.7 (12) | 47.6 (10) | 33.3 (2) | 50.0 (10) | 60.0 (6) | 52.8 (19) | 68.8 (11) | 51.4 (72) |
Severity of disease | 15.4 (2) | 27.8 (5) | 28.6 (6) | 66.7 (4) | 30.0 (6) | 60.0 (6) | 38.9 (14) | 6.3 (1) | 31.4 (44) |
Support measures | 7.7 (1) | 16.7 (3) | 23.8 (5) | 16.7 (1) | 25.0 (5) | 20.0 (2) | 13.9 (5) | 0 (0) | 15.7 (22) |
Protective measures | 7.7 (1) | 11.1 (2) | 23.8 (5) | 33.3 (2) | 10.0 (2) | 50.0 (5) | 33.3 (12) | 12.5 (2) | 22.1 (31) |
Vaccination | 0 (0) | 22.2 (4) | 23.8 (5) | 16.7 (1) | 10.0 (1) | 52.8 (19) | 87.5 (14) | 100 (1) | 32.9 (49) |
Economic consequences | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 19.0 (4) | 0 (0) | 15.0 (3) | 10.0 (1) | 11.1 (4) | 25.0 (4) | 11.4 (16) |
Political decisions | 15.4 (2) | 72.2 (13) | 33.3 (7) | 50.0 (3) | 35.0 (7) | 60.0 (6) | 63.9 (23) | 68.8 (11) | 51.4 (72) |
Criticism regarding political decisions | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 9.5 (2) | 16.7 (1) | 5.0 (1) | 20.0 (2) | 8.3 (3) | 68.8 (11) | 14.3 (20) |
Origin of information | |||||||||
Institution | 46.2 (6) | 16. (3) | 14.3 (3) | 16.7 (1) | 45.0 (9) | 30.0 (3) | 22.2 (8) | 6.3 (1) | 24.3 (34) |
Expert | 0 (0) | 5.6 (1) | 19.0 (4) | 50.0 (3) | 10.0 (2) | 20.0 (2) | 27.8 (10) | 18.8 (3) | 17.9 (25) |
Institution and expert | 30.8 (4) | 44.4 (8) | 38.1 (8) | 16.7 (1) | 25.0 (5) | 40.0 (4) | 36.1 (13) | 18.8 (3) | 32.9 (46) |
Other | 7.7 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 12.5 (2) | 2.1 (3) |
Not applicable | 15.4 (2) | 33.3 (6) | 28.5 (6) | 16.7 (1) | 20.0 (4) | 10.0 (1) | 13.9 (5) | 43.8 (7) | 22.9 (32) |
Case reports | |||||||||
Yes, children | 0 (1) | 5.6 (1) | 4.8 (1) | 0 (0) | 10.0 (2) | 0 (0) | 2.8 (1) | 0 (0) | 3.6 (5) |
Yes, adults | 46.2 (6) | 0 (0) | 14.3 (3) | 0 (0) | 25.0 (5) | 10.0 (1) | 5.6 (2) | 0 (0) | 12.1 (17) |
Yes, small group | 15.4 (2) | 55.6 (10) | 33.3 (7) | 100 (6) | 35.0 (7) | 40.0 (4) | 27.8 (10) | 0 (0) | 32.9 (46) |
No case reports | 38.5 (5) | 38.9 (7) | 47.6 (10) | 0 (0) | 30.0 (6) | 50.0 (5) | 63.9 (23) | 100 (16) | 51.4 (72) |
Message characteristics | |||||||||
Fear appeal | 0 (0) | 44.4 (8) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 10.0 (2) | 20.0 (2) | 8.3 (3) | 0 (0) | 10.7 (15) |
Threat | 15.4 (2) | 83.3 (17) | 23.8 (5) | 16.7 (1) | 25.0 (5) | 30.0 (3) | 33.3 (12) | 0 (0) | 30.7 (43) |
Self-efficacy | 23.1 (3) | 16.7 (3) | 48.5 (10) | 33.3 (2) | 30.0 (6) | 30.0 (3) | 50.0 (18) | 6.3 (1) | 32.9 (46) |
Evidence description | |||||||||
Case report | 53.8 (7) | 0 (0) | 38.1 (8) | 16.7 (1) | 40.0 (8) | 20.0 (2) | 22.2 (8) | 0 (0) | 24.3 (34) |
Statistics, facts and figures | 23.1 (3) | 11.1 (2) | 23.8 (5) | 0 (0) | 15.0 (3) | 10.0 (1) | 19.4 (7) | 12.5 (2) | 16.4 (23) |
Case report and statistics | 7.7 (1) | 61.1 (11) | 9.5 (2) | 83.3 (5) | 30.0 (6) | 20.0 (2) | 11.1 (4) | 0 (0) | 22.1 (31) |
Not applicable | 15.4 (2) | 27.8 (5) | 28.6 (6) | 0 (0) | 15.0 (3) | 50.0 (5) | 47.2 (17) | 87.5 (14) | 37.1 (52) |