Table 2 Themes and subthemes

Theme 1

Public housing’s unhealthy physical environment limits health and wellbeing (5)

1A: Neighbors’ actions create poor sanitary conditions that have negative health effects (5)

1B: Housing Authority practices contribute to unsafe community conditions (5)

Theme 2

City environment limits opportunities for healthy lifestyle choices (4)

2A: Limited access to recreation facilities due to city’s high prices and facility closures (4)

2B: High local crime prevents residents from using neighborhood outdoor spaces for recreation (4)

Theme 3

Limited trustworthy interpersonal relationships contribute to social isolation (5)

3A: Trusted contacts usually limited to select family members (4)

3B: Individuals weigh social isolation versus risk of gossip when engaging with friends and neighbors (5)

Theme 4

Increased neighborhood social capital could improve wellbeing (5)

4A: Social ties between neighbors vary by geographic clusters (4)

4B: Community lacks unified voice to increase social cohesion and advocate for change (4)

4C: Increased neighborhood collective action could improve community conditions (3)