| Total (N = 1349) | Control (n = 434) | Basic (n = 456) | Plus (n = 459) | OR [95% CI] for group differencesa | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Basic vs. control | Plus vs. control | Plus vs. basic | |||||||
Background characteristics | |||||||||
 | Age (years), mean (SD) | 49.05 (10.62) | 50.01 (10.40) | 48.63 (11.10) | 48.54 (10.30) | 0.98 [0.97,0.997]* | 0.98 [0.97,0.996]* | 1.00 [0.99, 1.01] | |
 | Gender, n (%) |  |  |  | |||||
 |  | Male | 478 (35.4) | 145 (33.4) | 165 (36.2) | 168 (36.6) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
 |  | Female | 871 (64.6) | 289 (66.6) | 291 (63.8) | 291 (63.4) | 0.83 [0.61, 1.11] | 0.81 [0.60, 1.10] | 1.01 [0.75, 1.35] |
 | Ethnicity (n = 1348), n (%) |  |  |  | |||||
 |  | Western | 1,330 (98.7) | 425 (98.2) | 451 (98.9) | 454 (98.9) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
 |  | Non-western | 18 (1.3) | 8 (1.8) | 5 (1.1) | 5 (1.1) | 0.48 [0.15, 1.52] | 0.44 [0.14, 1.38] | 0.90 [0.25, 3.20] |
 | Educational level, n (%) |  |  |  | |||||
 |  | High | 616 (45.7) | 184 (42.4) | 232 (50.9) | 200 (43.6) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
 |  | Low/moderate | 733 (54.3) | 250 (57.6) | 224 (49.1) | 259 (56.4) | 0.78 [0.59, 1.04] | 1.001 [0.76, 1.33] | 1.29 [0.98, 1.69] |
 | Place of residence (i.e. cities in the Netherlands), n (%) |  |  |  | |||||
 |  | Heerlen | 323 (23.9) | 103 (23.7) | 113 (24.8) | 107 (23.3) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
 |  | Roermond | 217 (16.1) | 69 (15.9) | 78 (17.1) | 70 (15.3) | 1.04 [0.68, 1.61] | 1.00 [0.65, 1.54] | 0.97 [0.64, 1.48] |
 |  | Weert | 251 (18.6) | 77 (17.7) | 82 (18.0) | 92 (20.0) | 1.04 [0.68, 1.58] | 1.19 [0.79, 1.81] | 1.18 [0.79, 1.78] |
 |  | Venlo | 304 (22.5) | 104 (24.0) | 93 (20.4) | 107 (23.3) | 0.82 [0.55, 1.22] | 1.02 [0.69, 1.50] | 1.27 [0.85, 1.88] |
 |  | Venray | 254 (18.8) | 81 (18.7) | 90 (19.7) | 83 (18.1) | 1.06 [0.70, 1.61] | 1.05 [0.69, 1.59] | 1.00 [0.67, 1.51] |
Primary outcome measures | |||||||||
 | Vegetable intake (grams) |  |  |  | |||||
 |  | Mean (SD) | 159.12 (69.24) | 157.73 (64.54) | 162.68 (72.76) | 156.91 (69.94) | 1.00 [0.999,1.003] | 1.00 [0.998,1.003] | 1.00 [0.997,1.002] |
 |  | Not complying, n (%) | 1014 (75.2) | 330 (76.0) | 338 (74.1) | 346 (75.4) |  |  |  |
 | Fruit intake (pieces) |  |  |  | |||||
 |  | Mean (SD) | 1.85 (1.29) | 1.80 (1.23) | 1.92 (1.36) | 1.81 (1.27) | 1.11 [0.98, 1.26] | 1.06 [0.93, 1.20] | 0.94 [0.83, 1.06] |
 |  | Not complying, n (%) | 803 (59.5) | 261 (60.1) | 263 (57.7) | 279 (60.8) |  |  |  |
 | High-energy snack intake (pieces) |  |  |  | |||||
 |  | Mean (SD) | 3.34 (2.98) | 3.19 (2.74) | 3.30 (2.94) | 3.51 (3.24) | 1.04 [0.97, 1.10] | 1.05 [0.99, 1.11] | 1.02 [0.96, 1.08] |
 |  | Not complying, n (%) | 808 (59.9) | 251 (57.8) | 275 (60.3) | 282 (61.4) |  |  |  |
 | Fat intake (‘Fat-points’) (n = 1348) |  |  |  | |||||
 |  | Mean (SD) | 17.91 (6.07) | 17.99 (6.07) | 17.60 (6.09) | 18.13 (6.05) | 0.97 [0.94, 1.003] | 0.98 [0.95, 1.01] | 1.01 [0.98, 1.04] |
 |  | Not complying, n (%) | 627 (46.5) | 197 (45.4) | 203 (44.5) | 227 (49.5) |  |  |  |
 | Total number of guidelines complying with, mean (SD) | 1.59 (1.12) | 1.61 (1.12) | 1.63 (1.11) | 1.53 (1.12) | 0.84 [0.68, 1.03] | 0.88 [0.71, 1.07] | 1.04 [0.84, 1.28] | |
Secondary outcome measures (n = 1347) |  |  |  |  | |||||
 | Self-regulation, mean (SD) | 3.48 (0.79) | 3.44 (0.80) | 3.55 (0.78) | 3.45 (0.78) | 1.15 [0.93, 1.43] | 0.98 [0.79, 1.22] | 0.88 [0.71 1.08] | |
 | Self-control, mean (SD) | 2.96 (0.86) | 2.91 (0.88) | 3.02 (0.84) | 2.96 (0.87) | 1.13 [0.91, 1.39] | 1.21 [0.98, 1.49] | 1.06 [0.86, 1.31] | |
 | BMI (kg/m 2 ) |  |  |  |  |  |  | ||
 |  | Mean (SD) | 25.64 (4.20) | 25.72 (4.40) | 25.43 (4.06) | 25.76 (4.14) | 1.01 [0.97, 1.04] | 1.02 [0.98, 1.05] | 1.01 [0.98, 1.05] |
 |  | > = 25 kg/m2, n (%) | 682 (50.60) | 220 (50.9) | 222 (48.7) | 240 (52.3) |  |  |  |