Table 1 Descriptive characteristics by gender
From: Gender differences in predictors of self-rated health among older adults in Brazil and Chile
Variables | Chile | Brazil | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Men | Women | Total | Men | Women | |
(N = 1301) | (N = 446) | (N = 855) | (N = 2052) | (N = 826) | (N = 1226) | |
Physical health | ||||||
Chronic Diseases | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) |
≥ 2 | 654 (53) | 171 (41.2) | 483 (58.8) | 1099 (53.6) | 368 (44.6) | 731 (59.6) |
1 | 452 (36.6) | 182 (44) | 270 (32.9) | 626 (30.5) | 274 (33.2) | 352 (28.7) |
0 | 129 (10.5) | 61 (14.7) | 68 (8.3) | 327 (15.9) | 184 (22.3) | 143 (11.7) |
ADL Limitation | ||||||
Yes | 251 (19.3) | 45 (10.1) | 206 (24.1) | 160 (7.8) | 98 (8.0) | 62 (7.5) |
No | 1044 (80.3) | 398 (89.2) | 646 (75.6) | 1892 (92.2) | 764 (92.5) | 1128 (92.0) |
IADL Limitation | ||||||
Yes | 374 (28.9) | 78 (17.6) | 296 (34.7) | 600 (29.2) | 196 (23.7) | 404 (33.0) |
No | 922 (71.1) | 365 (82.4) | 557 (65.3) | 1452 (70.8) | 633 (76.3) | 822 (67.0) |
Cognitive Impairment | ||||||
Yes | 118 (9.1) | 30 (6.7) | 88 (10.3) | 264 (12.9) | 98 (11.9) | 166 (13.5) |
No | 1183 (90.9) | 416 (93.3) | 767 (89.7) | 1788 (87.1) | 728 (88.1) | 1060 (86.5) |
Social structure | ||||||
Age | ||||||
<75 years old | 858 (65.9) | 322 (72.2) | 536 (62.7) | 1427 (69.5) | 585 (70.8) | 842 (68.7) |
≥75 years old | 443 (34.1) | 124 (27.8) | 319 (37.3) | 579 (28.2) | 241 (29.2) | 339 (27.7) |
Marital Status | ||||||
Married | 451 (34.7) | 234 (52.5) | 217 (25.4) | 1084 (52.9) | 615 (74.5) | 469 (38.3) |
Separate | 249 (19.1) | 86 (19.3) | 163 (19.1) | 154 (7.5) | 59 (7.1) | 95 (7.8) |
Widower | 397 (46.4) | 107 (24) | 504 (38.7) | 612 (29.9) | 93 (11.3) | 519 (42.4) |
Single | 95 (7.3) | 18 (4) | 77 (9) | 199 (9.7) | 59 (7.1) | 140 (11.4) |
Years of Education | ||||||
0 | 222 (17.1) | 54 (12.1) | 168 (19.7) | 579 (28.2) | 240 (29.1) | 339 (27.7) |
1–4 | 339 (26.1) | 111 (24.9) | 228 (26.7) | 1282 (62.5) | 500 (60.5) | 782 (63.8) |
5–7 | 365 (28.1) | 133 (29.8) | 232 (27.1) | 130 (6.3) | 63 (7.6) | 67 (5.5) |
>8 | 375 (28.8) | 148 (33.1) | 227 (26.6) | 61 (3.0) | 23 (2.8) | 38 (3.1) |
Income | ||||||
1° tertile | 361 (30.7) | 91 (21.5) | 270 (35.9) | 1357 (66.1) | 480 (58.1) | 877 (71.5) |
2° tertile | 384 (32.7) | 125(29.6) | 259 (34.4) | 505 (24.6) | 246 (29.8) | 259 (21.1) |
3° tertile | 430 (36.6) | 207 (48.9) | 223(29.7) | 190 (9.3) | 100 (12.1) | 90 (7.3) |
Retired | ||||||
Yes | 397 (33.5) | 160 (36) | 237 (31.9) | 1518 (74.0) | 699 (84.6) | 819 (66.8) |
No | 790 (66.5) | 285 (64) | 505 (68.1) | 534 (26.0) | 27 (15.4) | 407 (33.2) |
Household Arrangement | ||||||
Living with spouse | 284 (21.8) | 94 (21.1) | 149 (16.3) | 1065 (53.0) | 616 (75.5) | 449 (37.6) |
Mixed arrangements | 851 (65.4) | 307 (68.8) | 544(63.6) | 668 (33.2) | 121 (14.8) | 547 (45.8) |
Living alone | 166 (12.8) | 45 (10.1) | 121 (14.2) | 277 (13.8) | 79 (9.7) | 198 (16.6) |
Healthcare | ||||||
Public | 1089 (83.7) | 359 (80.5) | 730 (85.4) | 1153 (56.2) | 477 (57.7) | 676 (55.1) |
Others | 63 (4.8) | 25 (5.6) | 38 (4.4) | 899 (43.8) | 349 (42.3) | 550 (44.9) |
Behavioural/attitudinal | ||||||
Currently Smoking | ||||||
Yes | 158 (12.2) | 78 (17.6) | 80 (6.7) | 225 (11.0) | 143 (17.3) | 82 (6.7) |
No | 1139 (87.8) | 365 (82.4) | 774 (90.6) | 1827 (89.0) | 683 (82.7) | 1144 (93.3) |
Drinking | ||||||
Yes | 92 (7.1) | 65 (14.6) | 27 (3.2) | 383 (18.7) | 171 (17.4) | 212 (19.8) |
No | 1206 (92.9) | 379 (85.4) | 827 (96.8) | 1669 (81.3) | 569 (68.9) | 1100 (89.7) |
Physical Activity | ||||||
Yes | 270 (20.8) | 121 (27.2) | 149 (17.5) | 545 (26.6) | 216 (26.2) | 329 (26.8) |
No | 1028 (79.2) | 324 (72.8) | 704 (82.5) | 1507 (73.4) | 610 (73.8) | 897 (73.2) |
Psychosocial | ||||||
Symptoms of Depression | ||||||
Yes | 854 (26.3) | 92 (22.7) | 213 (28.3) | 619 (30.2) | 197 (23.8) | 422 (34.4) |
No | 854 (73.7) | 314 (77.3) | 540 (71.7) | 1433 (69.8) | 785 (95.0) | 804 (65.6) |
Social Participation | ||||||
Yes | 408 (31.5) | 108 (24.3) | 300 (35.2) | 157 (7.7) | 41 (5.0) | 116 (9.5) |
No | 889 (68.5) | 336 (75.7) | 553 (64.8) | 1895 (92.3) | 900 (91.6) | 1110 (90.5) |