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Table 3 Mental health-related factors associated with mobility limitation

From: The association between mental health symptoms and mobility limitation among Russian, Somali and Kurdish migrants: a population based study

 

Men†

Women

 

Kurdish

Russian

Somali

Kurdish

Explanatory variable

OR(95% CI)

OR(95% CI)

OR(95% CI)

OR(95% CI)

Depressive symptoms a

    

Model 1

1.82 (0.93–3.57)

2.89 (1.32–6.31)

4.67 (1.95–11.20)

2.56 (1.52–4.31)

Model 2

1.74 (0.87–3.46)

2.18 (0.98–4.88)

2.57 (1.00–6.61)

2.56 (1.47–4.44)

Model 3

1.71 (0.85–3.44)

2.51 (1.11–5.68)

2.53 (0.97–6.56)

2.50 (1.44–4.34)

Model 4

1.66 (0.82–3.33)

3.03 (1.27–7.19)

2.53 (0.98–6.53)

2.64 (1.39–4.99)

Anxiety symptoms b

    

Model 1

2.33 (1.11–4.85)

3.00 (1.39–6.46)

8.78 (3.00–25.74)

3.09 (1.83–5.23)

Model 2

2.26 (1.07–4.80)

2.56 (1.18–5.57)

6.07 (1.84–20.04)

2.92 (1.68–5.06)

Model 3

2.23 (1.05–4.75)

2.85 (1.31–6.18)

6.16 (1.94–19.55)

2.80 (1.60–4.90)

Model 4

2.16 (0.98–4.76)

2.98 (1.28–6.94)

6.41 (2.03–20.29)

2.67 (1.41–5.04)

Somatization c

    

Model 1

2.27 (1.24–4.14)

4.82 (2.15–10.80)

11.28 (4.59–27.75)

3.80 (2.23–6.46)

Model 2

2.14 (1.16–3.98)

4.09 (1.80–9.30)

16.10 (5.31–48.83)

3.99 (2.30–6.90)

Model 3

2.12 (1.14–3.97)

4.57 (2.00–10.41)

16.38 (5.52–48.60)

4.00 (2.30–6.96)

Model 4

1.88 (0.96–3.68)

4.29 (1.76–10.44)

18.83 (6.15–57.61)

3.53 (1.91–6.52)

  1. †Russian and Somali men were excluded from the analysis due to too few observations.
  2. OR = odds ratio, bolded ORs represent significant associations.
  3. 95% CI = 95% confidence interval.
  4. aHSCL-25 (Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25) [21], depression subscale, cut-off point > 1.75.
  5. bHSCL-25 (Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25) [21], anxiety subscale, cut-off point > 1.75.
  6. cSCL-90 (Symptom Checklist-90) [22], somatization subscale, cut-off point 8/12 symptoms
  7. Model 1 = adjusted for age.
  8. Model 2 = adjusted for age, education, and economic situation.
  9. Model 3 = adjusted for age, education, economic situation, and Finnish/Swedish language proficiency.
  10. Model 4 = adjusted for age, education, economic situation, Finnish/Swedish language proficiency, BMI, and selected chronic conditions (those reporting injuries and/or at least one of the following self-reported diseases ever diagnosed by a physician: cardiovascular disease (coronary artery disease, high blood pressure, and diabetes), asthma, chronic bronchitis, knee osteoarthritis or hip osteoarthritis).