The rise in stunting in relation to avian influenza and food consumption patterns in Lower Egypt in comparison to Upper Egypt: results from 2005 and 2008 Demographic and Health Surveys

Table 4 Determinants of stunting in children 6–59 months - adjusted odds ratio, Lower Egypt 2005 (N = 2292) and 2008 (N = 2293)

Factor	Adjusted OR 2005	P-value	95% CI	Adjusted OR 2008	P-value	95% CI
Residence
Urban (ref)
Rural	0.974	0.893	0.667, 1.423	0.984	0.935	0.676, 1.434
Age of child
6-11 months (ref)
12-23 months	0.841	0.459	0.531, 1.332	2.261	<0.001	1.516, 3.372
24-35 months	1.015	0.953	0.615, 1.677	2.120	0.001	1.390, 3.233
36-47 months	0.458	0.005	0.265,0 .790	2.335	<0.001	1.502, 3.632
48-59 months	0.382	0.004	0.199, 0.732	1.487	0.098	0.929, 2.380
Sex of child
Females (ref)
Males	1.031	0.829	0.782, 1.358	1.289	0.023	1.036, 1.603
Wealth Quintile
Poorest (ref)	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref
Poorer	0.932	0.793	0.548, 1.585	1.099	0.645	0.735, 1.641
Middle	0.874	0.621	0.511, 1.495	1.023	0.908	0.692, 1.512
Richer	0.593	0.084	0.327, 1.073	0.982	0.935	.0633, 1.523
Richest	1.083	0.806	0.572, 2.050	1.158	0.585	0.684, 1.958
Perceived size of child at birth
Very small or Small	1.201	0.404	0.781, 1.847	1.201	0.342	0.823, 1.752
Average or Larger (ref)
Birth Intervals
<24 months	1.155	0.523	0.741, 1.802	1.383	0.065	0.981, 1.951
24-35 months	1.129	0.573	0.740, 1.721	0.833	0.269	0.603, 1.152
36-47 months (ref)
48+ months	0.716	0.111	0.475, 1.080	1.008	0.956	0.760, 1.337
Avian influenza
Household ownership of poultry/birds	1.045	0.805	0.735, 1.486	0.583	0.002	0.418, 0.814

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