Systematic review of cigar smoking and all cause and smoking related mortality

BMC Public Health

Table 5 Current cigar smoking and oral cancer by inhalation level, cigars per day, and duration

Study	Cohort name	Inhalation level	Cigars per day	Duration (years)	Effect estimate	95% CI	Measure	Primary/secondary*
Shanks1998	CPS-I		1 to 2		2.12	(0.43, 6.18)	IRR	Primary
Shanks1998	CPS-I		3 to 4		8.51	(3.66, 16.77)	IRR	Primary
Shanks1998	CPS-I		5+		15.94	(8.71, 26.75)	IRR	Primary
Shanks1998	CPS-I		1 to 2		4.39	(0.06, 24.45)	IRR	Secondary
Shanks1998	CPS-I		5+		13.73	(5.50, 28.30)	IRR	Secondary
Shapiro2000	CPS-II		1 to 2		0	(0.00, 0.00)	HR	Primary
Shapiro2000	CPS-II		3+		7.6	(2.90, 19.60)	HR	Primary
Shanks1998	CPS-I	None			6.98	(4.13, 11.03)	IRR	Primary
Shanks1998	CPS-I	Slight			7.83	(1.57, 22.88)	IRR	Primary
Shanks1998	CPS-I	Moderate-deep			27.88	(5.60, 81.46)	IRR	Primary
Shanks1998	CPS-I	None			3.27	(0.66, 9.56)	IRR	Secondary
Shanks1998	CPS-I	Slight			8.75	(1.76, 25.58)	IRR	Secondary
Shanks1998	CPS-I	Moderate-deep			24.19	(2.72, 87.32)	IRR	Secondary
Shapiro2000	CPS-II	No inhalation			3.2	(0.90, 11.00)	HR	Primary
Shapiro2000	CPS-II	Inhalation			6.5	(1.40, 29.20)	HR	Primary
Shapiro2000	CPS-II			<25	0	(0.00, 0.00)	HR	Primary
Shapiro2000	CPS-II			25+	4.6	(1.60, 13.00)	HR	Primary

*Primary cigar smoking: current, exclusive cigar smoking with no previous history of cigarette or pipe smoking; secondary cigar smoking: current, exclusive cigar smoking with previous history of cigarette or pipe smoking.

ISSN: 1471-2458