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Table 17 Current cigar smoking and bladder cancer

From: Systematic review of cigar smoking and all cause and smoking related mortality

Study

Cohort name

Cigar smoker deaths

Effect estimate

95% CI

Measure

Primary/secondary*

Adjustment

ICD codes

Current Cigar

Kahn1966

Dorn study

10

0.94

(0.45, 1.74)

SMR

 

Age

ICD 7: 181

Carstensen1987

Swedish Census Cohort

1

1.9

(0.00, 10.89)

SMR

 

Age, residence

ICD 8: 188

Shanks1998

CPS-I

25

1.38

(0.89, 2.04)

IRR

Primary

Age

 

Shanks1998

CPS-I

9

1.23

(0.56, 2.33)

IRR

Secondary

Age

 

Shapiro2000

CPS-II

6

1

(0.40, 2.30)

HR

Primary

Age, alcohol, smokeless tobacco

ICD 9: 188

  1. *Primary cigar smoking: current, exclusive cigar smoking with no previous history of cigarette or pipe smoking; secondary cigar smoking: current, exclusive cigar smoking with previous history of cigarette or pipe smoking.