Table 1 Characteristics of the study population in childhood and adulthood

Height, cm*

155.2 (7.8)

158.4 (6.9)

<0.001

Weight, kg**

42.9 (13.2)

47.1 (13.0)

<0.001

BMI, kg/m²**

17.8 (3.4)

18.6 (3.3)

0.003

Triceps skinfold thickness, mm**

10.2 (5.1)

13.7 (6.4)

<0.001

Subscapular skinfold thickness, mm**

5.5 (2.4)

7.3 (3.8)

<0.001

Overweight/obesity prevalence, %

11.3

12.7

0.623

Obesity prevalence, %

1.7

2.5

0.528

Height, cm*

179.3 (6.3)

167.1 (6.0)

<0.001

Weight, kg**

86.5 (20.0)

70.4 (20.1)

<0.001

BMI, kg/m²**

26.9 (5.6)

25.6 (6.6)

0.008

Waist circumference, cm*

97.2 (12.5)

85.0 (13.5)

<0.001

Overweight prevalence, %

43.9

35.0

0.01

Obesity prevalence, %

25.2

21.4

0.341

Change in BMI from childhood to adulthood, kg/m²*

9.1 (4.6)

7.6 (4.4)

<0.001

Hypertension, %

60.2

30.8

<0.001

Metabolic syndrome, %

33.6

18.5

<0.001

Hyperglycemia or diabetes, %

30.3

13.4

<0.001

Raised triglycerides, %

34.2

14.5

<0.001

Reduced HDL cholesterol, %

11.7

9.1

0.379

Elevated high-sensitivity CRP, %

15.2

13.4

0.610

Low physical activity, %

25.5

26.4

0.724

Risky alcohol consumption, %

22.9

5.8

<0.001

Daily smoking, %

41.6

22.9

<0.001

Family history of obesity, %

45.9

45.5

0.502