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Table 1 Prevalence of ALRI among children <5 years stratified by gas stove ventilation and heating status

From: A cross sectional analysis of behaviors related to operating gas stoves and pneumonia in U.S. children under the age of 5

 

Pneumonia

Coughing

 

N

%

95% CI

N

%

95% CI

All

120

3.24

2.52, 3.98

1,144

33.06

30.81, 35.31

Was ventilation used when operating gas stove

Yes

48

2.41

1.64, 3.18

567

32.51

28.33, 36.69

No

72

4.17*

2.71, 5.63

574

33.40

28.99, 37.80

Was gas stove used for heating

Yes

86

5.65**

2.56, 9.66

231

40.34

31.86, 49.43

No

32

2.71

2.10, 3.49

908

31.80

29.16, 34.57

Heating and ventilation status combined

Unvented and Heat

25

6.83**

3.74, 12.14

157

44.02

34.22, 54.31

Vented and Heat

7

3.54a

1.56, 7.80

74

33.73

22.02, 47.84

Unvented and only cooking

45

3.23

2.12, 4.89

412

30.87

27.01, 35.03

Vented and only cooking

41

2.31

1.67, 3.19

493

32.46

28.32, 36.88

  1. Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval.
  2. *P < 0.05.
  3. **P < 0.01.
  4. aMay be statistically unreliable, relative standard error (SE/percent) >30%.