Table 2 Distributions of sociodemographic, anthropometric and biochemical characteristics, and prevalence of metabolic syndrome according to 5 definitions for all study subjects, and according to gender

Age (years)

55.99 (11.25)

57.71 (12.23)

54.37 (9.98)

Smoking (%)^†

198 (15.18)

175 (27.65)

23 (3.43)

Drinking (%)^†

314 (24.08)

242 (38.23)

72 (10.73)

Betel nut chewing (%)^†

40 (3.07)

39 (6.18)

1 (0.15)

Exercise (%)^†a

865 (66.33)

423 (66.93)

442 (65.77)

Body mass index (kg/m²)

24.35 (3.26)

24.87 (3.11)

23.85 (3.33)

Waist circumference (cm)

81.71 (9.87)

86.74 (8.55)

76.98 (3.61)

Waist-to-hip ratio

0.85 (0.07)

0.89 (0.05)

0.81 (0.06)

Fasting blood glucose (mmol/l)

5.74 (1.53)

5.87 (1.53)

5.61 (1.53)

Fasting insulin (pmol/l)

60.92 (48.50)

64.65 (48.38)

57.40 (48.43)

HOMA-IR

2.06 (2.23)

2.43 (2.13)

2.11 (2.30)

Triglyceride (mmol/l)

1.32 (0.99)

1.49 (1.16)

1.16 (0.76)

HDL-cholesterol (mmol/l)

1.20 (0.34)

1.07 (0.28)

1.31 (0.34)

LDL-cholesterol (mmol/l)

3.34 (0.88)

3.37 (0.87)

3.32 (0.89)

Diastolic blood glucose (mmHg)

78.37 (11.94)

81.77 (10.82)

75.14 (12.05)

Systolic blood glucose (mmHg)

133.68 (20.68)

136.51 (19.53)

131.02 (21.38)

Hypertension (%)^†

354 (27.21)

189 (29.91)

165 (24.66)

Family history of diabetes (%)^†

330 (25.10)

157 (24.84)

173 (25.74)

Microalbuminuria (%/ACR ≧30 μg/min)^†

278 (21.38)

120 (18.99)

158 (23.65)

PVD^†b

86 (6.59)

37 (5.85)

49 (7.29)

Arterial stiffness^†c

838 (64.76)

455 (72.45)

383 (57.51)

%FM

31.59 (7.62)

26.45 (5.50)

36.40 (6.02)

Hs-CRP (mg/L)

0.25 (0.50)

0.26 (0.54)

0.23 (0.46)

Metabolic syndrome by NCEP ATP-III

410 (31.42)

226 (35.70)

184 (27.38)

Metabolic syndrome by IDF

328 (25.13)

167 (26.38)

161 (23.96)

Metabolic syndrome by AHA

501 (38.39)

275 (43.44)

226 (33.63)

Metabolic syndrome by WHO

246 (18.85)

154 (24.33)

92 (13.69)

Metabolic syndrome by EGIR*

203 (15.56)

123 (19.43)

80 (11.90)