Table 1 Mean SF-36 scores for study participants: univariate analysis, by socio-demographic and lifestyle variables.
Physical Functioning | Role-Physical | Bodily Pain | General Health | Vitality | Social Functioning | Role-emotional | Mental Health | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | |||||||||
TOTAL POPULATION | 1298 | 91.6 | 88.5 | 81.0 | 66.7 | 65.6 | 91.5 | 93.9 | 73.7 |
AGE | |||||||||
18–29 years | 387 | 97.4 | 94.8 | 87.5 | 72.4 | 68.8 | 94.3 | 96.5 | 75.7 |
30–44 years | 471 | 94.1 | 90.8 | 83.1 | 70.8 | 67.6 | 92.8 | 95.0 | 76.5 |
45–60 years | 440 | 83.8 | 80.5 | 72.8 | 57.3 | 60.5 | 87.8 | 90.5 | 69.0 |
p-value | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |
RESIDENTIAL AREA | |||||||||
Inland towns | 652 | 91.1 | 88.5 | 80.0 | 66.5 | 65.2 | 92.0 | 94.2 | 75.1 |
Coastal towns | 646 | 92.1 | 88.5 | 81.9 | 66.9 | 65.9 | 91.1 | 93.5 | 72.3 |
Age-adjusted p-value | 0.150 | 0.919 | 0.130 | 0.551 | 0.501 | 0.403 | 0.571 | 0.013 | |
EDUCATIONAL LEVEL a | |||||||||
No formal education | 138 | 81.8 | 80.1 | 74.0 | 52.4 | 56.5 | 86.6 | 87.2 | 64.5 |
< 16 years | 588 | 89.4 | 86.3 | 78.1 | 64.5 | 64.9 | 90.9 | 93.4 | 73.6 |
16–19 years | 295 | 95.6 | 93.3 | 85.6 | 71.8 | 68.5 | 93.7 | 96.5 | 75.8 |
> 19 yrs: no university education | 160 | 96.8 | 92.5 | 86.0 | 72.1 | 68.3 | 93.4 | 95.8 | 76.3 |
University graduate | 117 | 96.6 | 91.7 | 84.9 | 74.2 | 68.4 | 92.3 | 94.6 | 76.3 |
Age-adjusted p-value | < 0.001 | 0.775 | 0.733 | < 0.001 | 0.008 | 0.595 | 0.112 | 0.002 | |
WORK STATUS | |||||||||
Employed | 591 | 93.6 | 91.0 | 81.5 | 69.7 | 65.7 | 92.8 | 95.7 | 74.5 |
Unemployed | 101 | 93.7 | 89.4 | 79.4 | 68.1 | 68.4 | 90.2 | 95.1 | 74.1 |
Pre-job market b | 159 | 97.3 | 94.8 | 89.8 | 74.0 | 71.3 | 94.7 | 96.2 | 78.4 |
Pensioner | 50 | 70.4 | 73.0 | 64.7 | 45.3 | 52.9 | 74.0 | 86.0 | 60.8 |
Housewife | 390 | 88.2 | 83.6 | 78.7 | 61.4 | 64.0 | 90.9 | 90.9 | 72.4 |
Age-adjusted p-value | < 0.001 | 0.018 | 0.008 | < 0.001 | 0.003 | < 0.001 | 0.023 | 0.001 | |
HOURS OF SLEEP | |||||||||
< 7 hours | 181 | 85.3 | 79.8 | 69.8 | 57.6 | 56.7 | 85.0 | 89.9 | 64.2 |
7 – 9 hours | 901 | 92.9 | 90.2 | 83.3 | 68.1 | 66.9 | 93.0 | 95.3 | 75.3 |
> 9 hours | 216 | 91.5 | 88.7 | 80.8 | 68.3 | 67.6 | 91.0 | 91.4 | 75.2 |
Age-adjusted p-value | < 0.001 | 0.004 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.003 | < 0.001 | |
SEDENTARY LEISURE TIME c | |||||||||
None | 60 | 80.2 | 77.9 | 68.6 | 54.2 | 53.6 | 82.7 | 85.6 | 62.3 |
< 3 hours | 791 | 92.2 | 88.9 | 81.1 | 67.3 | 66.2 | 92.2 | 94.4 | 74.4 |
3 – 5 hours | 414 | 92.00 | 89.6 | 82.6 | 67.2 | 66.0 | 91.6 | 93.9 | 74.0 |
> 5 hours | 31 | 92.1 | 82.3 | 77.3 | 69.7 | 68.5 | 92.3 | 96.8 | 74.2 |
Age-adjusted p-value | < 0.001 | 0.090 | 0.016 | 0.006 | 0.001 | 0.012 | 0.062 | 0.001 | |
TOBACCO SMOKING | |||||||||
Non-smoker | 906 | 90.35 | 87.5 | 80.4 | 65.2 | 64.9 | 91.5 | 93.9 | 73.7 |
Ex-smoker | 69 | 92.4 | 88.4 | 79.4 | 71.2 | 67.3 | 92.6 | 92.8 | 74.3 |
0–10 cig/day | 133 | 95.6 | 90.6 | 83.9 | 70.3 | 67.2 | 91.2 | 95.5 | 74.4 |
10–19 cig/day | 103 | 95.6 | 94.2 | 84.0 | 70.2 | 68.7 | 91.5 | 93.2 | 76.1 |
> 20 cig/day | 82 | 93.7 | 87.8 | 79.0 | 68.7 | 64.9 | 91.0 | 92.3 | 68.7 |
Age-adjusted p-value | 0.087 | 0.688 | 0.683 | 0.303 | 0.745 | 0.802 | 0.723 | 0.063 | |
ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION | |||||||||
Abstemious | 91.0 | 87.5 | 81.0 | 65.9 | 65.8 | 91.5 | 93.5 | 73.8 | |
Moderate | 94.1 | 91.5 | 82.0 | 69.6 | 64.6 | 92.7 | 94.4 | 74.2 | |
excessive | 92.8 | 91.1 | 79.4 | 68.1 | 65.0 | 90.4 | 95.4 | 72.8 | |
Age-adjusted p-value | 0.891 | 0.624 | 0.224 | 0.819 | 0.154 | 0.495 | 0.716 | 0.570 |