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Table 1 Adjusted ORs (95% CIs) for gender differences in health and health care utilisation per ethnic group*

From: Gender differences in health and health care utilisation in various ethnic groups in the Netherlands: a cross-sectional study

 

Indigenous

(N = 7,789)

Morocco

(N = 397)

Netherlands Antilles

(N = 284)

Turkey

(N = 437)

Surinam

(N = 394)

Health

     

(Very) poor general health status

1.14 [1.01–1.29]

1.95 [1.27–3.01]

.92 [.53–1.59]

2.72 [1.76–4.18]

2.02 [1.17–3.47]

> 1 acute condition (14 days)

1.89 [1.70–2.10]

2.87 [1.77–4.67]

2.01 [1.15–3.53]

4.48 [2.69–7.48]

1.97 [1.21–3.21]

≥ 1 chronic conditions (12 months)

1.53 [1.39–1.70]

2.33 [1.53–3.56]

1.35 [.80–2.28]

3.49 [2.30–5.30]

2.27 [1.40–3.68]

Health care utilisation

     

Contact general practitioner (2 months)

1.29 [1.18–1.43]

1.73 [1.12–2.67]

1.99 [1.16–3.41]

1.32 [.87–1.99]

.90 [.56–1.44]

Contact outpatient medical specialist (12 months)

1.07 [.97–1.19]

.97 [.61–1.53]

1.78 [.99–3.18]

1.15 [.73–1.83]

.73 [.45–1.20]

Hospitalisation (12 months)

1.00 [.83–1.19]

.98 [.44–2.21]

1.60 [.63–4.06]

4.03 [1.50–10.80]

1.28 [.46–3.55]

Contact physiotherapist (12 months)

1.16 [1.01–1.32]

.81 [.43–1.53]

1.31 [.58–2.97]

1.14 [.63–2.07]

.57 [.31–1.03]

Contact ambulatory mental health care (12 months)

1.43 [1.17–1.76]

2.92 [1.16–7.36]

1.03 [.47–2.22]

.81 [.43–1.55]

2.36 [.79–7.06]

Use of prescribed medication (14 days)

1.10 [.98–1.22]

1.29 [.78–2.15]

1.06 [.57–1.95]

.98 [.61–1.58]

.89 [.53–1.52]

Use of over the counter medication (14 days)

1.68 [1.52–1.85]

1.43 [.91–2.25]

1.23 [.72–2.09]

.96 [.62–1.47]

1.26 [.77–2.07]

  1. * Men are the reference category.
  2. Adjusted for age, education and insurance type. Utilisation of health care services also
  3. adjusted for general health status, acute and chronic conditions.
  4. Statistically significant gender differences within ethnic groups (P < .05) are printed in bold.