Table 3 Increased substance use as a function of PTSD symptoms and exposure to incident: Multivariable regression analysis stratified for gender

Any substance

PTSD symptoms

*1.143

1.112

1.174

*1.108

1.088

1.129

Exposure to incident

*1.215

1.080

1.367

1.106

1.000

1.223

Pharmaceuticals

PTSD symptoms

*1.172

1.125

1.221

*1.139

1.103

1.176

Exposure to incident

*1.304

1.122

1.517

1.206

1.042

1.397

Alcohol

PTSD symptoms

*1.116

1.074

1.159

*1.110

1.086

1.135

Exposure to incident

*1.177

1.010

1.372

1.008

0.892

1.139

Cannabis

PTSD symptoms

*1.148

1.057

1.246

*1.101

1.068

1.135

Exposure to incident

*1.517

1.180

1.951

1.076

0.918

1.261

Tobacco

PTSD symptoms

*1.098

1.066

1.132

*1.078

1.055

1.100

Exposure to incident

1.095

0.959

1.250

1.117

0.999

1.249