Factors associated with self-rated health status in university students: a cross-sectional study in three European countries

Table 2 Selected characteristics of the sample by gender and country

	Whole Sample	Gender^a			Country
Variable		Female	Male	p-value*	Germany	Poland	Bulgaria	p-value*
	N = 2103	N = 1331	n = 712		n = 803	n = 591	n = 709
Female [%]	65.1				57.7	71.3	68.3	< 0.001
Age [Mean (SD)] in years	20.7 (3.1)	20.6 (2.9)	21.1 (3.3)	< 0.001	22.1 (3.2)	20.2 (3.2)	19.7 (2.0)	< 0.001
Having a boy-/girlfriend [%]	45.4	49.1	38.3	< 0.001	55.6	35.5	42.3	< 0.001
Living with parents during semester [%]	36.0	31.7	44.0	< 0.001	35.6	29.8	41.2	< 0.001
Maternal higher education (high school or better) [%]	37.6	36.6	39.4	NS	24.1	26.0	61.8	< 0.001
BMI (kg/m²) [%]				< 0.001				< 0.001
< 20	32.9	43.6	13.0		20.4	34.6	44.5
20 to < 25	55.5	48.8	68.0		61.8	56.2	48.6
≥ 25	11.6	7.6	19.0		17.7	9.2	6.9
Smoking status [%]				NS				< 0.001
Daily	19.3	19.7	18.9		22.3	10.4	23.3
Occasionally	15.3	15.4	15.3		15.4	13.6	16.6
Non-smoker	65.3	64.9	65.8		62.3	76.0	60.1

^a: information about gender was missing for 60 (3%) participants; NS= not significant;
*: Pearson's chi-square or Mann-Whitney-U tests for comparison between genders; and for comparison between countries

ISSN: 1471-2458