Table 1 Means for WPPSI-R test scores according to all independent variables, defined in their risk factor groups
From: Determinants of cognitive function in childhood: A cohort study in a middle income context
N (%) | Mean (SD) | |
|---|---|---|
Socioeconomic Level | ||
Family material resources (Block 1) | ||
Family income | ||
≤ 1 minimum monthly salary] | 126 (36.5) | 77.60 (11.39) * |
More than 1 minimum monthly salary | 219 (63.5) | 85.54 (14.20) |
Father's income | ||
none | 88 (25.4) | 78.66 (12.19)* |
any | 258 (74.6) | 83.98 (14.01) |
Family purchasing power | ||
Low | 76 (21.9) | 75,97 (10.64) |
Regular | 193 (55.8) | 81,49 (11.58) * |
Good | 77 (22.3) | 92,05 (16.43) |
Family Status (Block 2) | ||
Maternal literacy | ||
none or ≤ 5 years of schooling | 98 (28.3) | 76.64 (11.39) * |
> 5 years of schooling | 248 (71.7) | 85.00 (13.90) |
Family type | ||
non-nuclear | 154 (44.5) | 80.73 (13.44)* |
Nuclear family | 192 (55.5) | 84.15 (13.84) |
Religion | ||
Catholic | 214 (61.8) | 82.00 (13.96) |
other beliefs | 132 (38.2) | 83.65 (13.38) |
Father's contact with the child | ||
None | 53 (15.7) | 77.28 (13.19)* |
Some | 285 (84.3) | 83.79 (13.68) |
CIDI: mood disorders among carers | ||
yes | 80 (23.6) | 83.48 (14.01) |
no | 259 (76.4) | 82.29 (13.76) |
Physical & Psychosocial Environment Level | ||
Physichal environment (Block 3) | ||
Household sanitary conditions | ||
Very poor | 69 (19.9) | 76.01 (11.16) |
Poor | 136 (39.3) | 81.78 (11.82) * |
Good | 141(40.8) | 86.69 (15.21) |
Neighbourhood sanitary conditions | ||
Bad | 71 (20.5) | 76.14 (12.16) |
Regular | 174 (50.3) | 81.11 (12.02)* |
Good | 101 (29.2) | 89.80(14.58) |
Psychosocial stimulation (Block 4) | ||
Below the mean | 195 (56.53) | 78.51 (11.26) * |
Above the mean | 150 (43.47) | 87.73 (14.64) |
Child attendance at nursery school | ||
Never attended | 66 (19.07) | 72.71 (10.70) * |
Attended at some time | 280 (80.93) | 84.97 (13.35) |
Child Characteristics And Health Level | ||
Child characteristics (Block 5) | ||
Birth order | ||
Third or subsequent | 103 (29.8) | 79.06 (13.00)* |
First or second | 243 (70.2) | 84.41 (13.66) |
Sex | ||
Female | 157 (45.4) | 82.87 (12.91) |
Male | 189 (54.6) | 82.43 (14.43) |
Age | ||
Up to 59.68 months | 186 (53.8) | 83.99 (13.91)* |
More than 59.68 months | 160 (46.2) | 81.04 (13.42) |
Nutrition and infection (Block 6) | ||
Birth weight | ||
≤ 2500 g | 50 (14.5) | 77.27 (14.12) * |
More than 2500 g | 296 (85.5) | 83.78 (13.39) |
Height for age | ||
≤ -2 Z scores | 72 (20.8) | 77.65 (15.19) * |
> -2 Z scores | 274 (79.2) | 83.94 (13.06) |
Weight for age | ||
≤ -2 Z scores | 87 (25.1) | 78.49 (14.11)* |
> -2 Z scores | 259 (74.9) | 84.02 (13.36) |
Weight for height | ||
≤ -2 Z scores | 62 (17.9) | 78.95 (14.09) |
> -2 Z scores | 284 (82.1) | 83.43 (13.56)* |
Diarrhoea prevalence: | ||
More than 6 days/year | 53 (15.3) | 79.13 (15.27) |
Below | 293 (84.7) | 83.26 (13.39) |
Number of intestinal parasitic infection: | ||
None | 64 (18.5) | 87.31 (17.685)* |
One parasite | 206 (59.5) | 83.10 (12.22) |
Two | 56 (16.2) | 79.41 (12.34) |
Three or more | 20 (5.8) | 71.80 (10.57) |