From: Determinants of sexual activity and its relation to cervical cancer risk among South African Women
Factor | Total* | Number sexual partners ≥ 3 (N = 595) | Crude PR (95% CI) | Adjusted PR (95% CI)** |
---|---|---|---|---|
N | N (%) | |||
Age | ||||
< 30 | 99 | 45 (45) | 1.3 (1.0 – 1.9) | 0.9 (0.6 – 1.3) |
30–39 | 380 | 162 (43) | 1.3 (1.0 – 1.6) | 1.0 (0.8 – 1.3) |
40–49 | 619 | 240 (39) | 1.1 (0.9 – 1.4) | 1.0 (0.8 – 1.3) |
50–59 | 435 | 148 (34) | [1.0]*** | [1.0]*** |
Marital status | ||||
Single | 341 | 173 (51) | 1.5 (1.3 – 1.9) | 1.3 (1.1 – 1.6) |
Divorced | 227 | 98 (43) | 1.3 (1.0 – 1.6) | 1.1 (0.9 – 1.4) |
Widowed | 180 | 65 (36) | 1.1 (0.8 – 1.4) | 1.1 (0.8 – 1.4) |
Married | 784 | 259 (33) | [1.0]*** | [1.0]*** |
Race | ||||
Black | 381 | 240 (63) | 2.0 (1.7 – 2.4) | 1.9 (1.5 – 2.3) |
Coloured | 1 152 | 355 (31) | [1.0]*** | [1.0]*** |
Area of Residence | ||||
Urban | 823 | 356 (43) | [1.0]*** | [1.0]*** |
Rural | 710 | 239 (34) | 0.8 (0.7 – 0.9) | 0.9 (0.8 – 1.1) |
Years of formal education | ||||
≤ 4 | 427 | 140 (33) | 1.0*** | [1.0]*** |
5–9 | 854 | 347 (41) | 1.2(1.0–1.5) | 1.3 (1.0–1.5) |
≥ 10 | 252 | 108 (43) | 1.3 (1.0–1.7) | 1.3 (1.0–1.7) |
Ever IPC use + | ||||
Yes | 1195 | 478 (40) | 1.2 (0.9 – 1.4) | 1.0 (0.8 – 1.3) |
Never | 338 | 117 (35) | [1.0]*** | [1.0]*** |
Ever COC use ++ | ||||
Yes | 602 | 223 (37) | 0.9 (0.8 – 1.1) | 1.0 (0.8 – 1.1) |
Never | 931 | 372 (40) | [1.0]*** | [1.0]* |
Ever had PAP | ||||
Yes | 1119 | 402 (36) | 0.8 (0.7 – 0.9) | 1.0 (0.8 – 1.2) |
Never | 413 | 192 (46) | [1.0]*** | [1.0]*** |
Smoking status | ||||
Never smoked | 626 | 268 (43) | [1.0]*** | [1.0]*** |
Ex-smoker | 177 | 60 (34) | 0.8 (0.6 – 1.1) | 0.9 (0.7 – 1.2) |
Current smoker | 730 | 267 (37) | 0.9 (0.7 – 1.0) | 1.0 (0.8 – 1.2) |
Alcohol use | ||||
Never | 739 | 226 (31) | [1.0]*** | [1.0]*** |
Current use | 280 | 112 (40) | 1.3 (1.0 – 1.6) | 1.6 (1.2 – 2.0) |
Past use | 514 | 257 (50) | 1.6 (1.4 – 1.0) | 1.7 (1.4 – 2.1) |
Age at first sex | ||||
< 16 | 354 | 167 (47) | 2.7 (2.0 – 3.8) | 2.4 (1.8 – 3.4) |
16–19 | 837 | 357 (43) | 2.5 (1.9 – 3.3) | 2.1 (1.6 – 2.9) |
≥ 20 | 305 | 52 (17) | [1.0]*** | [1.0]*** |
High risk HPV | ||||
Positive | 253 | 117 (47) | 1.2 (1.0–1.5) | 1.1 (0.9–1,3) |
Negative | 1279 | 477 (37) | [1.0]*** | [1.0]*** |