Prevalence of self-reported diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and associated risk factors in a national survey in the US population: SHIELD (Study to Help Improve Early evaluation and management of risk factors Leading to Diabetes)

Table 2 Logistic regression analysis of risk factors associated with being diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Risk Factors
	Odds Ratio	95% Confidence Interval	P value
Abdominal Obesity	3.50	[3.31, 3.71]	<.0001
BMI ≥28 kg/m2	4.04	[3.83, 4.27]	<.0001
Diagnosed Dyslipidemia	3.95	[3.75, 4.15]	<.0001
Diagnosed Hypertension	4.82	[4.58, 5.07]	<.0001
History of Cardiovascular event	3.38	[3.19, 3.58]	<.0001
Demographic Variables
Male Gender	1.18	[1.13, 1.24]	<.0001
Age (10-year increase)	1.35	[1.33, 1.37]	<.0001
Race			<.0001
Black/African American	1.67	[1.53, 1.82]
Asian/Pacific Islander	0.82	[0.63, 1.05]
American Indian/Eskimo	1.33	[1.00, 1.77]
Other	0.84	[0.66, 1.06]
Ethnicity			<.0001
Not Spanish/Hispanic	1.00
Spanish/Hispanic	0.98	[0.85, 1.14]
Household Income ($)			<.0001
< 22,500	2.59	[2.39, 2.80]
22,500–39,999	1.84	[1.69, 2.00]
40,000–59,999	1.49	[1.36, 1.62]
60,000–89,999	1.35	[1.23, 1.47]
Household Size			<.0001
1 Member	2.30	[2.06, 2.57]
2 Members	1.99	[1.79, 2.21]
3 Members	1.49	[1.33, 1.67]
4 Members	1.06	[0.94, 1.20]
Household Area Population Size			<.0001
<100,000	1.18	[1.10, 1.27]
100,000–499,999	1.11	[1.03, 1.19
500,000–1,999,999	1.09	[1.03, 1.17]
Census Region			<.0001
New England	1.09	[0.96, 1.14]
Middle Atlantic	1.06	[0.96, 1.16]
East North Central	1.08	[0.98, 1.18]
West North Central	0.99	[0.88, 1.12]
South Atlantic	1.25	[1.15, 1.37]
East South Central	1.28	[1.14, 1.44]
West South Central	1.25	[1.13, 1.38]
Mountain	0.92	[0.82, 1.05]

Reference groups: Gender = female; Race = White; Spanish = Not Spanish; Region = Pacific; HH income = $90,000+; HH size = 5+; HH Area Population size = 2,000,000+.
Age was entered as a continuous variable.
BMI = body mass index; HH = household

ISSN: 1471-2458