| Â | 1991 | 1998 | P-value of change |
|---|
| Â | Crude estimates |
|---|
WAZ | -0.70 | -0.83 | 0.006 |
HAZ | -1.03 | -1.14 | 0.026 |
WHZ | -0.09 | -0.16 | 0.069 |
% WAZ<-2 SD | 16.3 | 22.2 | <0.0001 |
% HAZ<-2 SD | 22.9 | 29.3 | <0.0001 |
% WHZ<-2 SD | 3.8 | 5.9 | 0.004 |
| Â | Standardized estimates1
|
WAZ | -0.70 | -0.79 | 0.042 |
HAZ | -1.03 | -1.08 | 0.239 |
WHZ | -0.09 | -0.15 | 0.138 |
% WAZ<-2 SD | 16.3 | 20.6 | <0.0001 |
% HAZ<-2 SD | 22.8 | 27.3 | 0.002 |
% WHZ<-2 SD | 3.8 | 6.0 | 0.004 |
- -ABBREVIATIONS: WAZ: weight-for-age z-score; HAZ: height-for-age z-score; WHZ: weight-for-age z-score; % WAZ<-2 SD: percentage of children with weight-for-age z-score 2 standard deviations (SD) below the median value of weight-for-age z-score of the international reference population; the same definition applies to %HAZ<-2SD and %WHZ<-2SD by replacing WAZ by HAZ and WHZ, respectively. 1 The 1998 estimates were standardized by urban/rural place of residence and child sex and age; they measure child nutritional status in 1998 if the distributions of study population across urban and rural areas and across child sex and age in 1998 were similar to the 1991 distributions.
