Table 4 Nutritional beliefs about nonvitamin/nonmineral supplements of supplement users and non-users*
From: Prevalence of nonvitamin, nonmineral supplement usage among students in a Turkish university
Belief statement | Non-users† n(%) 1563(83.5) | Users† n(%) 308(16.5) | Pvalues‡ |
|---|---|---|---|
Improve energy and vitality | 2.8 ± 0.8 | 3.2 ± 0.8 | 0.000 |
Important in maintaining health | 2.9 ± 0.8 | 3.3 ± 0.8 | 0.000 |
Provide living longer | 2.7 ± 0.8 | 2.8 ± 0.7 | 0.000 |
Help recovery from fatigue | 3.0 ± 0.8 | 3.3 ± 0.7 | 0.000 |
Reduce stress | 2.8 ± 0.7 | 3.0 ± 0.8 | 0.012 |
Prevent/threat colds/sore throat | 3.1 ± 0.8 | 3.2 ± 0.7 | ns |
Prevent mental illnesses | 2.7 ± 0.8 | 2.8 ± 0.8 | ns |
Improve mental health | 2.6 ± 0.8 | 2.7 ± 0.8 | 0.016 |
Reduces risk of chronic illnesses | 2.8 ± 0.7 | 3.0 ± 0.8 | 0.000 |
Retard aging | 2.7 ± 0.9 | 2.9 ± 0.8 | 0.000 |
Burn fat accumulating in the body | 2.9 ± 0.8 | 2.8 ± 0.8 | ns |
Promote weight loss more | 2.8 ± 0.7 | 2.9 ± 0.8 | ns |
Build muscle more | 2.9 ± 0.8 | 3.1 ± 0.7 | 0.000 |
Enhance athletic performance | 2.9 ± 0.8 | 3.1 ± 0.8 | 0.001 |
Enhance sleep | 2.8 ± 0.8 | 3.0 ± 0.8 | 0.000 |
Improve sexual function | 2.8 ± 0.8 | 3.0 ± 0.8 | 0.000 |
Improve circulation | 2.9 ± 0.8 | 3.2 ± 0.7 | 0.000 |
Supplement inadequate diet due to nutrition deficiency | 2.9 ± 0.8 | 3.2 ± 0.8 | 0.000 |
Improve memory | 2.8 ± 0.8 | 3.0 ± 0.8 | 0.001 |
Promote skin/hair health | 2.9 ± 0.8 | 3.1 ± 0.8 | 0.000 |
Gain weight | 3.0 ± 0.8 | 3.1 ± 0.8 | 0.009 |
Reduce dangers of cigarette smoking | 2.7 ± 0.9 | 2.8 ± 0.9 | ns |