Table 7 Primary and secondary outcomes of studies applying short- and long- term interactive interventions classified as nutrition education plus monetary incentives aimed at customers

Ni Mhurchi (strong)¹[22]

There was no difference in sales of saturated fat between the intervention and control groups but purchase of healthier discounted foods was higher in the intervention than in the control groups and these effects were sustained 12 months after the intervention. Tailored nutrition education alone however showed no effect on the purchase of healthier food choices.

Anderson 2001 (weak) [38]

Lower levels of fat, higher levels of fibre and higher levels of fruit and vegetable serves were observed in the intervention group compared to the control group.

There was improvement in some mediator factors but not in others.

Anderson 1997 (weak) [37]

Fibre, fruit and vegetable intake increased in the intervention sites from baseline to post-test compared to that for the control sites.

Phipps 2014 (moderate) [35]

Purchase of fruit and vegetables was higher in the intervention group compared to the control group.

Winett, 1997 (moderate) [36]

Lower levels of fat, higher levels of fibre and higher levels of fruit and vegetable serves in the intervention group were shown compared to the control group.

Kristal (weak)²[43]

There was no effect on reported purchase of fruit and vegetable.