Table 4 Non-adjusted analysis and analysis adjusted by the Poisson regression model of the factors associated with prolonged non-nutritive sucking habits among São Luís schoolchildren (2004/05)
From: Factors associated with prolonged non-nutritive sucking habits in two cohorts of Brazilian children
Variables | PNNSH | PR (95% CI) | PR (95% CI) | PR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | (wtd%) | (Non-adjusted) | (Model 1) | (Model 2) | |
Maternal age | |||||
<20 | 41 | 20.34 | 0.98(0.70-1.37) | 1.04(0.69-1.55) | 1.17(0.79-1.73) |
20-34 | 88 | 20.79 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
≥35 | 3 | 11.09 | 0.53(0.18-1.58) | 0.43(0.17-1.12) | 0.35(0.10-1.23) |
Maternal schooling (years of study) | |||||
≥ 12 | 2 | 16.98 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
9-11 | 57 | 22.02 | 1.30(0.36-4.64) | 1.39(0.42-4.58) | 1.79(0.55-5.87) |
5 to 8 | 55 | 19.02 | 1.12(0.31-4.01) | 1.23(0.37-4.08) | 1.60(0.48-5.33) |
≤ 4 | 18 | 19.57 | 1.15(0.31-4.31) | 1.25(0.36-4.31) | 2.15(0.60-7.69) |
Maternal marital status | |||||
Married | 33 | 15.78 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Consensual union | 64 | 21.62 | 1.37(0.93-2.02) | 1.45(0.98-2.16) | 1.62(1.07-2.44) |
No companion | 35 | 23.21 | 1.47(0.95-2.28) | 1.36(0.87-2.13) | 1.61(0.93-2.43) |
Maternal smoking during pregnancy | |||||
Non-smoker | 128 | 20.32 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Smoker | 4 | 17.71 | 0.87(0.36-2.13) | 0.98(0.40-2.41) | 1.32(0.51-3.41) |
Maternal work outside the home | |||||
No | 95 | 18.18 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Yes | 37 | 27.93 | 1.54(1.10-2.14) | 1.63(1.14-2.33) | 1.51(1.03-2.22) |
Parity (number of children) | |||||
5 or more | 6 | 20.10 | 1.08(0.51-2.28) | 1.42(0.70-2.86) | 1.03(0.39-2.70) |
2 to 4 | 58 | 18.58 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
1 | 68 | 21.90 | 1.18(0.86-1.62) | 1.06(0.73-1.53) | 0.99(0.68-1.43) |
Preterm birth | |||||
No | 111 | 19.59 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Yes | 21 | 25.05 | 1.28(0.84-1.95) | 1.23(0.78-1.93) | 1.47(0.98-2.21) |
Low birth weight | |||||
No | 115 | 20.07 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Yes | 17 | 22.20 | 1.10(0.70-1.75) | 0.99(0.60-1.63) | 0.92(0.57-1.48) |
Child’ sex | |||||
Male | 57 | 17.21 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Female | 75 | 23.36 | 1.36(0.99-1.86) | 1.40(1.02-1.91) | 1.47(1.06-2.02) |
Current occupation of the family head | |||||
Non-manual | 19 | 23.47 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
Skilled Manual | 43 | 20.79 | 0.89(0.54-1.44) | 0.78(0.48-1.27) | |
Unskilled manual | 70 | 19.47 | 0.83(0.53-1.30) | 0.67(0.42-1.09) | |
Duration of breast feeding (months) | |||||
< 6 | 74 | 27.55 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
6-11 | 44 | 17.41 | 0.63(0.45-0.89) | 0.66(0.47-0.95) | |
≥ 12 | 11 | 9.90 | 0.36(0.20-0.66) | 0.31(0.17-0.59) | |
Duration of bottle feeding (months) | |||||
< 12 | 48 | 13.09 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
12-23 | 34 | 25.96 | 1.98(1.33-2.96) | 1.96(1.28-2.98) | |
≥ 24 | 40 | 36.56 | 2.79(1.93-4.03) | 2.49(1.70-3.63) | |