Table 5 Changes in cardio-metabolic outcomes from baseline to follow-up (5.5-years) in the physical activity groups

SBP (mmHg)

35

112 ± 14

110 ± 17

22

113 ± 13

115 ± 19

0.135

0.831

0.479

0.483

0.990

0.446

DBP (mmHg)

35

79 ± 8^a

73 ± 13^a

22

79 ± 7

81 ± 9

0.081

0.276

0.039

0398

0.288

0.035

Lipid profile

TC (mmol/L)

35

3.8 ± 0.9

4.1 ± 0.9

22

3.6 ± 0.6

3.9 ± 0.9

0.384

0.296

0.870

0.198

0.380

0.733

LDL-C (mmol/L)

35

2.3 ± 0.8

2.5 ± 0.9

22

2.0 ± 0.5

2.4 ± 0.8

0.661

0.210

0.244

0.334

0.309

0.185

HDL-C (mmol/L)

35

1.1 ± 0.3

1.2 ± 0.3

22

1.0 ± 0.4^b

1.2 ± 0.3^b

0.004

0.918

0.165

0.067

0.965

0.194

TG (mmol/L)

35

0.7 ± 0.3

0.9 ± 0.4

22

0.7 ± 0.3

0.9 ± 0.3

0.307

0.581

0.827

0.279

0.361

0.918

TC/HDL-C

35

3.6 ± 1.4

3.5 ± 1.0

22

3.3 ± 0.7

3.3 ± 0.9

0.441

0.910

0.110

0.919

0.670

0.152

Insulin sensitivity

Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L)

35

4.5 ± 0.4

5.2 ± 1.7

22

4.6 ± 0.7

5.1 ± 0.8

0.849

0.654

0.821

0.402

0.720

0.402

Fasting serum insulin (mU/L)

35

14.0 ± 7.8^a

12.4 ± 6.0^b

22

17.8 ± 11.0^a

16.4 ± 10.5^b

0.125

0.020

0.707

0.655

0.045

0.408

HOMA-IR

34

3.1 ± 1.7^a

2.8 ± 1.5^b

21

3.7 ± 2.7^a

3.7 ± 2.1^b

0.145

0.036

0.904

0.950

0.081

0.664