Table 4 Knowledge of HIV discrimination and stigma
Variable (N = 200) | N(%) |
|---|---|
Signs of discrimination | |
Avoidance: avoid touching, proximity, etc. | 192 (96.0) |
Denial: denied housing, job loss, etc. | 169 (84.5) |
Isolation: isolated area in hospitals, etc. | 178 (89.0) |
Gossip from the community | 179 (89.5) |
Loss of status within household and community | 155 (77.5) |
Loss of access to essential resources | 151 (75.5) |
Main causes of stigma against PLHIV | |
Lack of knowledge about HIV | 178 (89.0) |
Fear of HIV | 185 (92.5) |
Connection of HIV to “social evils” | 162 (81.0) |
How does stigma affect PLHIV? | |
Self-discrimination | 169 (84.5) |
Job loss or inability to find employment | 176 (88.0) |
Difficulties in accessing social support services | 177 (88.5) |
Hiding HIV status | 181 (90.5) |
How does stigma affect HIV patients’ family | |
Family members lose access to social support services | 156 (78.0) |
Family income is affected- limited employment | 170 (85.0) |
Family members also become victims of stigma | 178 (89.0) |
Relationships within the households are affected | 171 (85.5) |
How does stigma affect the community/society | |
Stigma increases HIV transmission risks | 157 (78.5) |
Wasting resources due to PLHIV don’t want to access intervention programs | 178 (89.0) |
Stigma destroys traditional values (sense of belonging) | 180 (90.0) |