Sickness absence and disability pension due to otoaudiological diagnoses: risk of premature death – a nationwide prospective cohort study

Table 3 Hazard ratios (HRs) for cause-specific death among individuals with prevalent sickness absence or disability pension due to an otoaudiological diagnosis in 2005, with follow-up through 2010

Cause of death	No. deaths	Crude HR (95%CI)	Age- and sex- adjusted HR (95% CI)^a	Multivariable HR (95% CI)^b	Multivariable HR including hospitalization HR (95% CI)^c
Circulatory cause
No sick leave & no disability pension	7 018	1.00 (ref)	1.00 (ref)	1.00 (ref)	1.00 (ref)
All other sick-leave diagnoses	2 822	1.49 (1.43-1.55)	1.48 (1.43-1.55)	1.46 (1.41-1.53)	1.09 (1.04-1.13)
All sick leave with otoaudiological diagnoses	15	0.83 (0.50-1.40)	0.73 (0.44-1.23)	0.79 (0.47-1.32)	0.67 (0.40-1.13)
All other disability pension	7 421	8.13 (7.88-8.38)	4.66 (4.52-4.81)	4.00 (3.87-4.13)	2.81 (2.71-2.91)
All disability pension with otoaudiological diagnoses	70	2.79 (2.19-3.54)	1.49 (1.17-1.89)	1.50 (1.18-1.91)	1.28 (1.01-1.63)
Cancer cause
No sick leave & no disability pension	12 916	1.00 (ref)	1.00 (ref)	1.00 (ref)	1.00 (ref)
All other sick-leave diagnoses	8 792	3.06 (2.98-3.14)	2.63 (2.56-2.70)	2.61 (2.55-2.68)	1.70 (1.65-1.75)
All sick leave with otoaudiological diagnoses	34	1.31 (0.93-1.85)	1.00 (0.71-1.41)	1.03 (0.73-1.44)	0.83 (0.59-1.17)
All other disability pension	7 930	4.14 (4.03-4.24)	2.08 (2.03-2.14)	1.97 (1.92-2.02)	1.41 (1.37-1.45)
All disability pension with otoaudiological diagnoses	124	1.99 (1.66-2.38)	1.00 (0.83-1.19)	1.02 (0.85-1.22)	0.84 (0.71-1.01)

Note: A number of individuals were included in more than one category.
^aAge (20–34, 35–44, 45–54, 55–64); sex (female, male).
^bAdditional adjustments: family situation (married/cohabitant, married/cohabitant with children, single, single with child, child living with parent); type of living area (larger cities, medium-sized cities, smaller places); country of birth (Sweden, Nordic countries, Europe, other part of the world); education (0–9, 10-12, >12 years), including 5 196 998 observations due to missing data on education and/or family situation.
^cAdditional adjustments: hospitalization days (total days 2000–2005: 0, 1–4, >4); hospitalization days in specialized out-patient care in the same diagnostic chapter, including 5 196 998 observations due to missing data on education and/or family situation.

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