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Table 1 Characteristics of enrolled households

From: The home environment and childhood obesity in low-income households: indirect effects via sleep duration and screen time

 

Total (N = 103)

Normal weight (n = 48)

Overweight (n = 55)

p-valuea

Household

    

  Household size [M (SD)]

3.9 (1.7)

3.9 (1.8)

4.0 (1.6)

.80

  Income, % FPT [M (SD)]b

107.0 (76.6)

99.3 (79.4)

113.7 (74.2)

.35

Index child

    

  Age, years [M (SD)]

10.0 (2.5)

9.8 (2.5)

10.1 (2.5)

.58

  BMI percentile [M (SD)]

73.6 (29.6)

48.2 (25.5)

95.8 (3.9)

<.0001

  Female gender [n (%)]

54 (52)

23 (48)

31 (56)

.39

  Race/ethnicity [n (%)]

   

.88

   Black/African-American

79 (77)

37 (77)

42 (76)

 

   Hispanic/Latino

18 (18)

9 (19)

9 (16)

 

   Multi-ethnic/Other

3 (3)

1 (2)

2 (4)

 

   Non-Hispanic White/Caucasian

2 (2)

1 (2)

1 (2)

 

   Asian

1 (1)

0 (0)

1 (2)

 

  Receives subsidized school meals

94 (91.3)

43 (89.6)

51 (92.7)

.32

  Fruit & vegetables (range: 0–32)

11.9 (4.1)

11.9 (4.3)

11.9 (3.9)

.91

  Fast food & caloric beverages (range: 0–32)

9.2 (3.5)

8.8 (3.4)

9.5 (3.5)

.30

  Energy-dense snacks (range: 0–56)

15.6 (6.0)

15.5 (5.3)

15.8 (6.5)

.80

  MVPA (mins/d; n = 88)

48.4 (22.2)

49.2 (18.6)

47.7 (24.9)

.76

  Screen time (h/d)

3.5 (1.5)

3.3 (1.4)

3.7 (1.5)

.13

  Sleep duration (h/d)

9.5 (0.9)

9.7 (0.9)

9.2 (0.9)

<.01

  Caregiver screen time monitoring (range: 3–12)

7.7 (2.1)

8.2 (2.0)

7.2 (2.1)

.01

  Chaotic home environment (range: 0–15)

3.2 (3.1)

2.7 (2.9)

3.6 (3.3)

.13

Index caregiver

    

  Age, years [M (SD)]

36.5 (7.4)

36.2 (7.2)

36.7 (7.6)

0.72

  BMI, kg/m2 [M (SD)]

33.5 (9.6)

30.5 (9.3)

36.0 (9.3)

<.01

  Female gender [n (%)]

97 (94)

44 (92)

53 (96)

.31

  Race/ethnicity [n (%)]

   

0.83

   Black/African-American

79 (77)

37 (77)

42 (76)

 

   Hispanic/Latino

17 (17)

8 (17)

9 (16.4)

 

   Multi-ethnic/Other

1 (1)

0 (0)

1 (2)

 

   Non-Hispanic White/Caucasian

6 (6)

3 (6)

3 (6)

 

   Asian

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

 

  Education [n (%)]

   

.14

   High school or lower

25 (24)

15 (31)

10 (18)

 

   Some college/technical school

64 (62)

25 (52)

39 (71)

 

   4-year degree or higher

14 (14)

8 (17)

6 (11)

 
  1. FPT, Federal Poverty Threshold; BMI, body mass index; MVPA, moderate and vigorous physical activity.
  2. aFor tests of group differences through t-test or chi-square test.
  3. bFPTs are set by the U.S. Census Bureau based on annual household income and the number of related adults and children in the household.