Table 1 Effect of community based interventions on the coverage of commodities/services for diarrhea and pneumonia
| Â | Quality Assessment | Summary of Findings | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Directness | No of events | Â | |||||
No of studies | Design | Limitations | Consistency | Generalizability to population of interest | Generalizability to intervention of interest | Intervention | Control | Relative Risk (95% CI) |
Care seeking rates for Pneumonia: moderate outcome specific quality of evidence | ||||||||
Two | RCT/Quasi | No significant heterogeneity so a fixed effect model used | Both studies suggest benefit | One study from Asia and one from Africa | WHO case management by local health workers | 344 | 327 | 1.13 [1.08, 1.18] |
Care seeking rates for Diarrhea: moderate outcome specific quality of evidence | ||||||||
Four | CRCT | Significant heterogeneity so a random effect model used | Two studies show benefit | All studies from South Asia | Promotion of use of ORS and zinc by CHWs | 3562 | 4691 | 1.09 [1.06, 1.12] |
ORS use for the management of diarrhea: moderate/low outcome specific quality of evidence | ||||||||
Six | RCT/Quasi | Significant heterogeneity so a random effect model used | All the studies suggest benefit | All studies are from Asia | All the studies had community education while four studies had combined intervention of promotion and zinc therapy and two had free distribution of ORS | 10446 | 3990 | 2.60 [1.59, 4.27] |
Two | Before/After | No major limitation | All the studies suggest benefit | Both studies were from Africa | One study had combined intervention of promotion of zinc therapy | 143 | 86 | 1.75 [1.48, 2.07] |
Use of zinc for the management of diarrhea: moderate outcome specific quality of evidence | ||||||||
Four | cRCT | Significant heterogeneity across studies so a random effect model used | All Studies suggest benefit | All studies from South Asia | CHWs provided education and promoted use of ORS and zinc | 5554 | 14 | 29.79 [12.33, 71.97] |
Antibiotic Use for Diarrhea: moderate outcome specific quality of evidence | ||||||||
Four | cRCT | Significant heterogeneity across studies so a random effect model used | All studies suggested a decline in the use of antibiotics | All studies from South Asia | CHWs provided education and promoted use of ORS and zinc | 639 | 3083 | 0.25 [0.12, 0.51] |
One | Before/After | Â | Decline in the use of antibiotics | Study conducted in Mali | CHWs provided education and promoted use of ORS and zinc | 104 | 130 | 0.83 [0.69, 0.99] |
Antibiotic Use for Pneumonia: moderate outcome specific quality of evidence | ||||||||
One | Quasi | Â | Â | Study Conducted in Uganda | WHO case management by local health workers | 187 | 319 | 1.13 [0.99, 1.30] |
Treatment Failure Rates for ARI/Pneumonia: moderate outcome specific quality of evidence | ||||||||
Two | cRCT | No significant heterogeneity so a fixed effect model used | Both studies suggest benefit | One study from Asia and one from Africa | WHO case management by local health workers | 228 | 314 | 0.60 [0.51, 0.70] |